Testing Darwin's transoceanic dispersal hypothesis for the inland nettle family (Urticaceae)

Wu, Zeng-Yuan; Liu, Jie; Provan, Jim; Hong, Wang; Chia-Jui, Chen; Cadotte, Marc W.; Luo, Ya‐Huang; Amorim, Bruno S.; D, Li; Milne, Richard I.

doi:10.1111/ele.13132

Cited by 45 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 68 publications

(104 reference statements)

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“…S23), Lecanthus, Achudemia and the basal clades of Pilea (C2 to C6) predominantly comprising Indomalayan species. This confirms the findings of Monro (2006) and Wu et al (2018). Given the relationships between geographical areas suggested by our results, the most plausible scenario for the dispersal of Pilea is of two independent events.…”

Section: Pilea Originated In Indomalayasupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Previous studies (Monro, 2006;Jestrow et al, 2012;Wu et al, 2013Wu et al, , 2015Wu et al, , 2018 ambiguously recovered within and outside of Pilea by Monro (2006). In doing so recovered a paraphyletic Pilea.…”

Section: Resurrection and Expansion Of Achudemiamentioning

confidence: 78%

“…These included 18 outgroup taxa from the Cannabaceae, Moraceae and representatives of all Urticaceae tribes except for Cecropieae (see Table 1) and 107 ingroup taxa (Lecanthus + Pilea). Within the Elatostemeae, all genera were sampled except for the monotypic Metapilea which is likely extinct (Wu et al, 2018), known only from the type and could not be sampled. This encompassed the following taxa, Elatostema (3 spp), Elatostematoides (1 sp), Lecanthus (2 spp), Pilea (105 spp), Procris…”

Section: Taxon Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We focussed on the ITS nuclear region and the rbcL and trnL-F plastid regions. We combined sequences generated by previous studies (Monro, 2006;Jestrow et al, 2012;Wu et al, 2013Wu et al, , 2018Kim et al, 2015) 141 sequences of which were generated by ourselves, excluding those accessions where we felt that the identifications were ambiguous, or where sequence data for only a single region could be obtained. An exception was made for the single sequence of Haroldiella that we were able to obtain.…”

Section: Taxon Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous phylogenetic studies have consistently recovered Lecanthus as the genus most closely related to Pilea (Monro, 2006;Wu et al, 2013Wu et al, , 2018, from which it be distinguished by its male inflorescences being fused to form a concave receptacle-like structure reminiscent of Elatostema J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phylogeny of the species-rich Pilea Lindl. (Urticaceae) supports its revised delimitation and infrageneric classification, including the resurrection of Achudemia Blume

Fu¹,

Wen²,

Maurin

et al. 2020

Preprint

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ABSTRACTPilea Lindl., with 933 published names is the largest genus within the Urticaceae. Pilea was last monographed in 1869 and whilst the monophyly of the genus has been proposed by previous authors, this has been based on incomplete taxon sampling and the failure to resolve the position of key taxa. We aimed to generate a robust phylogeny for Pilea and allied genera that could provide a framework for testing the monophyly of Pilea, revising its delimitation and for answering broader scientific questions about this species-rich genus. To do so, we sought to sample taxa representative of previous infrageneric classifications and with anomalous inflorescences or flower configurations and to use the resulting phylogeny to evaluate the delimitation of Pilea and to establish an infrageneric classification. In addition, we included a representative of the Polynesian genus Haroldiella which, morphologically, is very similar to Pilea. Using Sanger sequence data from two plastid and one nuclear regions we constructed a phylogeny using Bayesian Inference, Maximum Likelihood and Maximum Parsiomony approaches. We used our phylogeny to evaluate the informativness of 19 morphological traits and applied both to delimit a monophyletic genus and infrageneric sections. Our results recovered Pilea as paraphyletic with respect to Lecanthus, a consequence of the recovery of a monophyletic clade comprising sections Achudemia and Smithiella, neither of which had been adequately sampled in previous studies. We also recovered Pilea as polyphyletic with respect to Haroldiella. We identified isomery between male and female flowers, flower part number and male sepal arrangement as being phylogenetically informative traits that can be used to delimit two genera, Achudemia, including section Smithiella, recovered as sister to Lecanthus, and Pilea, including Haroldiella, recovered as sister to both. On the basis of our evaluation of both morphological traits and phylogenetic relationships we propose a new infrageneric classification for the genus comprising seven sections, five of which we describe for the first time, § Trimeris Y.G.Wei & A.K.Monro, § Lecanthoides C.J.Chen, § Angulata L.F.Fu & Y.G.Wei, § Tetrameris C.J.Chen, § Verrucosa L.F.Fu & Y.G.Wei, § Plataniflora L.F.Fu & Y.G.Wei and § Leiocarpa L.F.Fu & Y.G.Wei. We also identify a trend of decreasing merism and fruit size, and increasing species-richness as Pilea diverges. In addition, we recover strong geographical structure within our phylogeny, sufficient to propose that Pilea originated in the IndoMalaya biogeographic domain.

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Section: Pilea Originated In Indomalayasupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Resurrection and Expansion Of Achudemiamentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Taxon Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Taxon Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Phylogeny of the species-rich Pilea Lindl. (Urticaceae) supports its revised delimitation and infrageneric classification, including the resurrection of Achudemia Blume

Fu¹,

Wen²,

Maurin

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Environment‐dependent influence of fruit size upon the distribution of the Malesian archipelagic flora

Trethowan¹,

Jennings²,

Bramley³

et al. 2022

Plants People Planet

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Societal Impact StatementWe found evidence that larger fruited plant species are more likely to be found in aseasonal wet areas of Malesia. These areas are likely to be impacted by increasing human encroachment, which threatens both large‐fruited species and the large fauna that are most likely responsible for their dispersal. This synergistic threat could drive the loss of fruit‐crop relatives that potentially have key traits for resilient fruit crops of the future.Summary It is unclear how fruit size determines distributions of megadiverse tropical flora. Energetic constraints of ecosystems suggest plant species with larger fruit should be found in the higher productivity, aseasonal wet tropics. However, the probability of seed dispersal over large scales should be increased by fruits being smaller, due to being available to a greater number of dispersal agents. We use a Bayesian phylogenetic model of species occurrence for >3400 species in Malesia to test how fruit size and environment interact to determine species distributions across the archipelago. We show that larger fruited species are more likely to occur in aseasonal wet areas. We also found that smaller fruit size was associated with species occurrence in more mountainous areas. Fruit size interacts with environmental variables to shape plant distributions across the megadiverse Malesian islands. The evolutionary processes that influence the patterns we have observed require further examination.

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A revised delimitation of the species‐rich genus Pilea (Urticaceae) supports the resurrection of Achudemia and a new infrageneric classification

Wen

Maurin

et al. 2022

TAXON

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Ensuring that genera are monophyletic should result in a stable classification that better reflects evolutionary history, and which can serve as a framework for answering broader scientific questions. It is also important that species can be assigned to genera easily and unambiguously so as to remove barriers to identification and species discovery. Pilea, with 933 published names and likely more than 700 spp. is the largest genus within the Urticaceae and was last monographed in 1869. Whilst the monophyly of the genus has been proposed by previous authors, this has been based on incomplete taxon sampling that has failed to resolve the position of key taxa. We aimed to generate a robust phylogeny for Pilea and allied genera that could test the monophyly of the genus and provide a framework for a taxonomic revision of this species‐rich yet poorly studied genus. To do so, we sought to sample taxa encompassing previous infrageneric classifications and species with anomalous inflorescences or flower morphology and to use the resulting phylogeny to evaluate the delimitation of Pilea and to establish an infrageneric classification. In addition, we included a representative of the Polynesian genus Haroldiella, which, morphologically, seemed indistinguishable from Pilea. Using two plastid and one nuclear region, we constructed phylogenies using Bayesian inference, maximum likelihood and maximum parsimony approaches. We used our BI phylogeny to evaluate the informativeness of 22 morphological characters and used both to delimit monophyletic groups and infrageneric sections. Our results recovered Pilea as paraphyletic, a consequence of the recovery of a monophyletic clade comprising Lecanthus and Pilea sect. Achudemia and sect. Smithiella, neither of which had been adequately sampled in previous studies. We also recovered Pilea as paraphyletic with respect to Haroldiella. Pilea (including Haroldiella) was recovered as sister to the clade comprising Lecanthus and Pilea sect. Achudemia and sect. Smithiella. We identified isomery between male and female flowers, flower part number, male sepal arrangement and achene ornamentation as being phylogenetically informative characters that can be used to distinguish Achudemia (Pilea sect. Achudemia and sect. Smithiella) from Pilea. We also identified a trend of decreasing merism and fruit size, correlated with an increase in species‐richness across the phylogeny which our results suggest may indicate a shift in pollen and fruit dispersal, pollen dispersal becoming more kinetic and fruit dispersal less reliant on animals. On the basis of our evaluation of both morphological characters and phylogenetic relationships we propose a new infrageneric classification for the genus comprising eight sections, five of which we propose for the first time here: Pilea sect. Angulatae, sect. Plataniflorae, sect. Tetraphyllae, sect. Trimeris and sect. Verrucosae.

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Testing Darwin's transoceanic dispersal hypothesis for the inland nettle family (Urticaceae)

Cited by 45 publications

References 68 publications

Phylogeny of the species-rich Pilea Lindl. (Urticaceae) supports its revised delimitation and infrageneric classification, including the resurrection of Achudemia Blume

Phylogeny of the species-rich Pilea Lindl. (Urticaceae) supports its revised delimitation and infrageneric classification, including the resurrection of Achudemia Blume

Environment‐dependent influence of fruit size upon the distribution of the Malesian archipelagic flora

A revised delimitation of the species‐rich genus Pilea (Urticaceae) supports the resurrection of Achudemia and a new infrageneric classification

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