Testing child resistant packaging for access by infants and the elderly

Thien, W.M.A.; Rogmans, Willebrordus Hendricus Johannes

doi:10.1016/0003-6870(85)90120-6

Cited by 4 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Other researchers evaluated two CRPs of the press-and-turn type and two of the squeeze-and-turn type. The results showed that the effect of age was statistically significant for all packages, and none of the containers was accessible by elderly (THIEN;ROGMANS, 1984).…”

Section: Studies With Crpsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Hand Movement Restriction at the Opening of Child-Resistant Packaging: Case Study

Bonfim¹,

Silva²,

Alves³

et al. 2016

Product (São Carlos, Online)

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Child-Resistant Packages (CRPs) are very important to prevent children under five years old to access products that are hazardous to their health. However, the opening mechanisms end up hindering the use of such packages by adults, the elderly, and people with disabilities. The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of a movement-restriction glove by collecting the torque exerted in an attempt to open 3 different squeeze-and-turn CRPs. The study enrolled 10 subjects, divided equally between men and women. The subjects performed the task with and without the glove. The results showed that the moment of force when the subjects were wearing the glove was higher than that obtained without the use thereof. Besides, the cap with the largest diameter offered the best conditions for torque transmission.

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Section: Studies With Crpsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Hand Movement Restriction at the Opening of Child-Resistant Packaging: Case Study

Bonfim¹,

Silva²,

Alves³

et al. 2016

Product (São Carlos, Online)

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“…Overall, 17 studies assessed physical functionality and user capability, based mainly on observing and comparing the functional use of medication packages by patients (Table ). Nine studies focused on the ease of opening medication containers . Seven studies assessed the physical functionality of medication packages and user capability combined with administration of medication and competence, packaging acceptability, consumer behaviour and decision‐making process and self‐application through eyedroppers …”

Section: Integrated View Of the Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Problems with openability were frequently mentioned in connection with the CRCs. Ten studies assessed CRCs alone or in comparison with other types of packages . CRCs were mainly associated with difficulties in accessing the medication through the packages and with a lack of senior friendliness.…”

Section: Integrated View Of the Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thien and Rogmans's trial with four different child‐resistant packages showed that those packages would work from the aspect of child safety but would not be accessible for people older than 75 years. According to the authors, ‘too complex packages would not be accepted by consumers and would probably give rise to improper use of the containers’.…”

Section: Integrated View Of the Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The leading results showed the importance of including old adults between 60 and 75 years in functional packaging assessments. Additionally, the study noted two types of problems that would reduce interest in CRCs: a higher cost of packages and poor acceptance of the packages by the patients, especially older people …”

Section: Integrated View Of the Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

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Medication Packaging and Older Patients: A Systematic Review

Lorenzini

Hellström

2016

Packag Technol Sci

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The global challenges posed by demographic change call for more senior-friendly medication packaging. This paper presents a comprehensive integrated view and synthesis of the literature on medication packaging and older people. Considering the multidisciplinary nature of the research field, a systematic review was conducted in four databases (Scopus, Web of Science, Medline and Engineering Village), limited to original research studies containing empirical data and English-language papers, published until January 2015. Manual reference mining was carried out for other relevant papers, and a critical appraisal methodology was applied to judge the quality of the papers. In total, 34 studies are fully reviewed and classified according to the main characteristics of the studies, information about older patients and impact of the packaging on medication use. As a result, the review indicates the literature to be fragmented and diverse yet composed of two major interconnected research streams (physical functionality and user capability; medication management) and orientations (packaging; user). The physical functionality and user capability stream of research with a packaging orientation addresses child-resistant containers (CRCs), whereas the useroriented studies address openability, i.e. the ease of opening the medication. In contrast, the medication management stream of research with a packaging orientation focuses on the adherence outcomes of different package aids, whereas the user-oriented studies focus on the counselling provided by healthcare professionals and coping strategies for older patients to handle the packages. These original findings provide valuable input to researchers and practitioners and offer guidance for the further development of medication packaging.patients. According to Stegemann, 5 this '(…) means designing, developing and delivering drug products that patients can understand from the perspective of their health and wellbeing, as well as being able to manage and administer them properly'. In contrast, ranging from the social inclusivity of the aged adults to economic aspects related to healthcare costs, 6 the older population will require more healthcare expenditures, 1 including chronic disease therapies at the domiciliary level. 7 From a medication packaging point of view, these challenges draw attention to the development and design of more senior-friendly packages. Poor medication packaging can cause inconvenience, serious harm or even patient death. 8 In contrast, a patient-friendly medication package has the ability to improve medicine availability and dosing, 9 patient safety 8,10 and mobility. 11 In the development and design of senior-friendly packages, regulations must be fulfilled, and tradeoff decisions must be made. For instance, since the 1970s, there has been an ongoing debate regarding the dilemma of making medication packages safer for children 12 but still senior-friendly. 13,14 Additionally, the impact of packaging on medication use by seniors must be considered. As an e...

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Towards patient‐centered packaging design: An industry perspective on processes, functions, and constraints

Lorenzini

Olsson

2018

Packag Technol Sci

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Medication packaging is essential to provide patients with guidance and correct use of their medicines for effective treatment. This research aims to increase knowledge about the medication packaging innovation process and its uptake towards patient‐centered packaging design. The study applied a qualitative research approach based on data from 25 in‐depth interviews with stakeholders involved in medication packaging design. The empirical data analysis revealed four themes that can improve and advance user‐centered packaging design: medication packaging innovation process, medication packaging functions and features, medication packaging design constraints, and patient‐centered medication packaging design. The findings suggest that medication packaging design is strongly affected by an emphasis on protective and safety packaging functions rather than on patients' needs. Packaging innovation usually is constrained by rigid incremental development processes, where compliance with regulations, extensive documentation, avoidance of manufacturing complexity, and considerations on cost prevail. These findings are discussed in relation to the three most evident trade‐offs for patient‐centered design: protection versus openability, utility versus cost, and complexity of manufacturability versus complexity of use. This research contributes with valuable input and additional evidence about the necessary shift to a user‐centered approach in a field that has not been design driven. This input complements previous research and provides an opportunity for industry decision makers and policy makers to lead patient‐centered packaging design that can benefit patients and relieve overloaded health care systems.

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Testing child resistant packaging for access by infants and the elderly

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Hand Movement Restriction at the Opening of Child-Resistant Packaging: Case Study

Hand Movement Restriction at the Opening of Child-Resistant Packaging: Case Study

Medication Packaging and Older Patients: A Systematic Review

Towards patient‐centered packaging design: An industry perspective on processes, functions, and constraints

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