Testing and optimizing two factor-analysis techniques on aerosol at Narragansett, Rhode Island

Huang, Suilou; Rahn, Kenneth A.; Arimoto, R.

doi:10.1016/s1352-2310(98)00324-0

Cited by 138 publications

(73 citation statements)

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“…PMF has been proven to be a robust tool in characterizing the sources of aerosol (Paatero and Tapper, 1994;Huang et al, 1999;Lee et al, 1999;Viana et al, 2008;Koçak et al, 2009; for more details, see Appendix A). EPA PMF 5.0 software mainly consists of model run and rotational tools (see EPA/600/R-14/108; US EPA, 2014).…”

Section: Positive Matrix Factorization (Pmf) For Source Apportionmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric water-soluble organic nitrogen (WSON) in the eastern Mediterranean: origin and ramifications regarding marine productivity

Nehir

Koçak

2018

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. Aerosol and rain sampling in two size fractions was carried out at a rural site located on the coast of the eastern Mediterranean, Erdemli, Turkey (36 • 33 54 N, 34 • 15 18 E). A total of 674 aerosol samples in two size fractions (337 coarse, 337 fine) and 23 rain samples were collected between March 2014 and April 2015. Samples were analyzed for NO − 3 , NH + 4 and ancillary water-soluble ions using ion chromatography and water-soluble total nitrogen (WSTN) by applying a high-temperature combustion method. The mean aerosol water-soluble organic nitrogen (WSON) was 23.8 ± 16.3 nmol N m −3 , reaching a maximum of 79 nmol N m −3 , with about 66 % being associated with coarse particles. The volume weighted mean (VWM) concentration of WSON in rain was 21.5 µmol N L −1 . The WSON contributed 37 and 29 % to the WSTN in aerosol and rainwater, respectively. Aerosol WSON concentrations exhibited large temporal variation, mainly due to meteorology and the origin of air mass flow. The highest mean aerosol WSON concentration was observed in the summer and was attributed to the absence of rain and resuspension of cultivated soil in the region. The mean concentration of WSON during dust events (38.2 ± 17.5 nmol N m −3 ) was 1.3 times higher than that of non-dust events (29.4 ± 13.9 nmol N m −3 ). Source apportionment analysis demonstrated that WSON was originated from agricultural activities (43 %), secondary aerosol (20 %), nitrate (22 %), crustal material (10 %) and sea salt (5 %). The dry and wet depositions of WSON were equivalent and amounted to 36 % of the total atmospheric WSTN flux.

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Section: Positive Matrix Factorization (Pmf) For Source Apportionmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric water-soluble organic nitrogen (WSON) in the eastern Mediterranean: origin and ramifications regarding marine productivity

Nehir

Koçak

2018

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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“…Principal components are then subjected to rotation to generate a matrix of factor loadings for variables in the factors. After rotation of the factor-loading matrix, the factors can be interpreted as origins or common sources [28,29].…”

Section: +mentioning

confidence: 99%

Water-soluble inorganic ions in urban aerosols of the continental part of Balkans (Belgrade) during the summer – autumn (2008)

et al. 2014

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Size-segregated aerosol samples were collected using six stages High Volume Cascade Impactor. Aerosol mass and water soluble ions concentrations were determined. The Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) model was used to study the origin of air masses arriving to Belgrade in the investigated period. The obtained results of aerosol mass and water-soluble ion concentrations have been divided into six sub-data sets based on air mass categories. The highest average mass concentration of the fine mode (D p ≤ 0.49 μm) was found for air masses coming to Belgrade from the southeast and northwest directions, and of the coarse mode (3.0 < Dp ≤7.2 μm) for air masses arriving from the northwest direction. The highest concentrations of SO 4 2-were found in the fine particles transported to the investigated area by air masses from southeast direction. The analysis of contribution of marine aerosol components (Na + and Cl -), the Correlation and Cluster Analysis indicated the influence of marine aerosol on urban aerosol of the central Balkans coming from the Western Mediterranean and northern direction. NH 4 + and SO 4 2-and K+ dominated in the fine mode for all air mass categories. PCA demonstrated the dominant impact of secondary aerosol formation processes on urban aerosols.

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“…[Paatero, 1996;Paatero and Tapper, 1993;1994]. A systematic study of aerosol at Narragansett has shown that PMF resolves minor factors up to 100 times better than conventional factor analysis [Huang et al, 1999]. On the basis of guidelines developed in that study [Huang et al., 1999], we used 20 elements with relatively few values below detection limits (Na, Mg, A1, C1, Ca, Sc, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Zn, Se, Br, Sb, I, Cs, Eu, Hf, and Th).…”

Section: Factor Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Semiannual cycles of pollution at Bermuda

Huang¹,

Rahn²,

Arimoto³

et al. 1999

J. Geophys. Res.

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Abstract. To identify the sources and determine the transport pathways for aerosol during the Atmosphere/Ocean Chemistry Experiment (AEROCE), we examined the temporal variations of trace elements in daily aerosol samples collected at Bermuda from 1988 to 1994. Crustal (e.g., A1) and marine (e.g., Na) elements showed annual cycles with summer and winter maxima, respectively. In contrast, pollution-derived elements (e.g., Sb) showed unusual semiannual cycles with strong spring maxima and weaker fall maxima, which to the best of our knowledge, have not been previously documented. The seasonality in trace element concentrations was mainly transport-driven: The spring maxima of pollutants were caused by rapid westerly transport from North America, and the fall maxima were caused by North American air slowly transported to Bermuda by large high-pressure systems that stagnated over the lower mid-Atlantic states. Low concentrations of pollution elements in winter resulted from the southwestward extension of the Bermuda-Azores high-pressure system that brought marine air to Bermuda from the east or northeast while hindering transport from North America and Africa. The summer minima in pollutants were associated with air transported from the eastern Atlantic and Africa. The variations of the trace gases 03 and CO and two naturally occurring radionuclides, 2•øpb and 7Be, showed semiannual cycles similar to those of the pollution-derived trace elements.

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Testing and optimizing two factor-analysis techniques on aerosol at Narragansett, Rhode Island

Cited by 138 publications

References 0 publications

Atmospheric water-soluble organic nitrogen (WSON) in the eastern Mediterranean: origin and ramifications regarding marine productivity

Atmospheric water-soluble organic nitrogen (WSON) in the eastern Mediterranean: origin and ramifications regarding marine productivity

Water-soluble inorganic ions in urban aerosols of the continental part of Balkans (Belgrade) during the summer – autumn (2008)

Semiannual cycles of pollution at Bermuda

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