Testimony for veterinary apitherapy

Abstract

Background Nowadays by the indiscriminate use of antibiotics, multi-drug resistant pathogens (MDR) developed and spread, so searching for effective natural antimicrobials is of global concern. Apitherapy possessing various therapeutic activities (antimicrobial, 1,2 anti-inflammatory, 3-5 antioxidant, 6-9 antiproliferative, 10 immunomodulator 11 ameloirative 12,13 or wound healing factor) 14,15 proved to be a suitable tool to get the target since it is very safe, highly effective, easily applicable and extremely economic. The subject is of interesting concept for the apitherapy research team affiliating to

Antimicrobial Resistance of Cattle Mastitis-Causing Bacteria: How to Treat?

“…Apiproducts act as natural compounds with none or minimal irritation to tissue, even to sensitive mammary tissue, which is very susceptible to irritation. Administration of honey intramammary has beneficial effects against bacteria, but it also led to an increased number and activity of total leucocytes, helping to resolve mastitis and eliminate causative agents [103]. Diluted or even undiluted honey may be used as intramammary treatment against bacteria like S. aureus, P. aeruginosa and E. coli, while it is harmless to mammary tissues and without undesirable residues in milk.…”

Testimony for veterinary apitherapy

“…28 Other micro components honey glycoprotein fractions as antimicrobial peptide bee defensin-1 11,22 exhibited strong growth inhibition by binding and agglutination of bacterial cells or membrane permeabilization of bacterial cells. 29,30 Moreover, the presence of methylglyoxal(MGX) exhibited in manuka honey may modify some honey proteinaceous compounds and therefore affect the glucosidase activity 31 sharing in antimicrobial action. Staph aureus is a pathogen highly sensitive to the antibacterial action of honey 32 even when be MRSA 33 producing biofilm 2 with additional different antibacterial mechanisms; inhibition of cell division, collapsing microbial cytoplasm cell membranes and cell walls, inhibition of bacterial motility, enzyme inactivation, bacteriolysis, and protein synthesis inhibition.…”

“…So, the above mentioned bioactive components at least have all antimicrobial, antioxidant and immunological boosting factors. Honey increases T and B lymphocytes 62,65,66 as a result of its protection of lymphocyte DNA from oxidative damage, 67 while manuka honey protect DNA of not only lymphocytes but also whole blood cells from oxidative damage. 68 It is interesting that muscular exercise with honey oral supplementation reveals an increase in T lymphocyte function.…”

Honey and propolis for wound healing

“…16 Apitherapeutic use of honey was used in wound dressing topically as it is. 9,17,18 or with modified formulations as honey chitosan-based 19 or alginate-based hydrogel. 20 While propolis topical dressing 21 or its extract was used in either ointment formulation.…”