Testicular volumes of adolescents

Daniel, William A.; Feinstein, Ronald; Howard‐Peebles, Patricia N.; Baxley, Wayne D.

doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(82)80034-6

Cited by 68 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Congenital hydrocoeles result from a patent processus vaginalis allowing the opportunity for ascites to pass into the scrotum [6]. With ultrasound, great amounts of fluid can be seen between the tunical layers and the normal testis and epididymis (Fig.…”

Section: Hydrocoelementioning

confidence: 99%

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Imaging of the scrotum in children

et al. 2004

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Clinical examination of the scrotum is difficult due to the small size of the testes and the epididymis in infants and young children, and eliciting patients' history is challenging. Therefore imaging of the scrotum in childhood bears great importance. Ultrasound is the standard imaging technique of choice providing the clinicians with a definitive diagnosis in most cases. However, in conditions of testicular torsion and epididymoorchitis--the most common differential diagnosis of scrotal pain--ultrasound findings can be inconclusive and further evaluation is required. Since there is a large overlap between paediatric and adult pathology, differences from adults in anatomy and pathology must be considered when evaluating the paediatric scrotum.

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Section: Hydrocoelementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The size of the testes depends on the age of the child. In the newborn, the testis measures 1.5×1 cm, from 3 months to 6 years 2×1.2 cm and in puberty it reaches the adults size of approximately 5×3×2 cm [6]. In boys, the echogenicity of the testes is decreased.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging of the scrotum in children

et al. 2004

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“…In boys, measurement of testicular size is important in terms of evaluating normal pubertal development (4,5). Measurement of testicular size can be performed using different methods including orchidometers (3,6), caliper (7,8) and ultrasonography.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Samsun ilinde ilköğretim çağı erkek çocuklarda testis ve penis boyutları ve dış genital organ anomali oranları

Varol¹,

Özden²,

Bostanci³

et al. 2011

tpa

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T Th he e t te es st ti ic cu ul la ar r a an nd d p pe en ni il le e s si iz ze es s a an nd d r ra at te es s o of f e ex xt te er rn na al l g ge en ni it ta al l o or rg ga an n a an no om ma al li ie es s i in n p pr ri im ma ar ry y s sc ch ho oo ol l b bo oy ys s i in n S Sa am ms su un n S Se er rk ka an n V Va ar ro ol l, , E En nd de er r Ö Öz zd de en n, , Y Ya ak ku up p B Bo os st ta an nc c› ›, , Y Ya ar rk k› ›n n K Ka am mi il l Y Ya ak ku up po o¤ ¤l lu u, , C Ci ih ha an n Y Ya al lm ma an n, , fi fia ab ba an n S Sa ar r› ›k ka ay ya a S Su um mm ma ar ry y Aim: To measure the testicular and penile sizes to determine the standard values by age in primary school boys, to identify the rates of external genital anomalies and to inform patients' families about treatment options. Material and Method:After approval of the Ethics Committee of Ondokuz May›s University, 977 male students with a mean age of 8.67±1.51 years from three primary schools which were selected by simple random sampling method in Samsun were included in the study. Testicular and penile sizes were measured. Observed abnormalities were recorded. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 15.0. Results:Mean values for testicular size and penile length were calculated by age. In 44 students (4.5%), 52 genital abnormalities were detected. The most frequent anomalies were undescended testis (12; 1.2%) and inguinal hernia (8; 0.8%). The rate of untreated anomaly of external genital organs was found to be 3.9% in primary school children. Conclusions:Recognizing the normal values for penile and testicular sizes in primary school children may contribute to better evaluation of external genitalia and detection of corresponding anomalies. Our study also revealed that the rates of external genital organ anomalies which had to be operated much earlier were fairly high. (Turk Arch Ped 2011; 46: 151-5)

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“…Entre 11 e 14 anos de idade, o aumento de testosterona e de FSH levarão à maturação das células de Sertoli, desenvolvimento das célu-las germinativas e aparecimento do lúmen tubular, e aumento global do volume testicular. Antes dos testículos atingirem o tamanho adulto, as epífises ósseas estarão fechadas e as características sexuais secundárias desenvolvidas (8)(9)(10)(11).…”

Section: Disgenesia Gonadal E Histomorfometriaunclassified

A importância da análise histológica morfométrica gonadal na identificação da gônada disgenética

Scolfaro

Cardinalli

Júnior

2003

Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab

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Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab vol 47 nº 2 Abril 2003 128 RESUMOA disgenesia gonadal parcial (DGP) é um distúrbio da diferenciação sexual caracterizado por testículos disgenéticos bilaterais, derivados dos ductos de Müller e criptorquidismo em pacientes com ambigüidade genital e cariótipo 46,XY. Entretanto, os critérios histológicos diagnósticos de disgenesia gonadal, apesar de existentes, na prática são pouco utilizados. Este artigo apresenta uma detalhada revisão da evolução das modificações da estrutura histológica gonadal durante a vida e os dados histológicos necessários na avaliação de casos com suspeita de disgenesia gonadal. Mostra-se também os achados morfométricos gonadais de 13 crianças com diagnóstico clínico e laboratorial de DGP, porém sem a confirmação histológica numa avaliação inicial. Após estudo morfométrico histológico das gônadas destas crianças, o diagnóstico de DGP foi confirmado em todos os casos. Portanto, devido à variabilidade da análise histológica gonadal, um estudo morfométrico cuidadoso torna-se necessário para o estabelecimento do diagnóstico de DGP. Partial gonadal dysgenesis (PGD) is a sexual differentiation disorder characterized by bilateral dysgenetic testes, persistent Müllerian ducts and cryptorchidism in intersex patients with a 46,XY karyotype. Although the abnormalities observed in dysgenetic testes are well defined, they are not routinely evaluated by the pathologist. This work reviews in detail the gonadal histologic structure evolution during the lifespan and the histologic data necessary to evaluate the cases with gonadal dysgenesis suspected. We also show the morphometric and histologic features of 22 gonads from 13 children with clinical and laboratory diagnosis of PGD, but without histologic confirmation in the first evaluation. These morphometric and histologic findings confirmed the diagnosis of PGD in every patient in the present series. However, gonadal histology was variable and a careful morphometric evaluation may be necessary to establish the diagnosis.

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Testicular volumes of adolescents

Cited by 68 publications

References 6 publications

Imaging of the scrotum in children

Imaging of the scrotum in children

Samsun ilinde ilköğretim çağı erkek çocuklarda testis ve penis boyutları ve dış genital organ anomali oranları

A importância da análise histológica morfométrica gonadal na identificação da gônada disgenética

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