Testicular steroidogenesis is not altered by 137 cesium Chernobyl fallout, following in utero or post-natal chronic exposure

Grignard, Elise; Guéguen, Yann; Grison, Stéphane; Dublineau, Isabelle; Gourmelon, P.; Souidi, Maâmar

doi:10.1016/j.crvi.2010.02.003

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…This work assessed the effects on blood biomarkers of daily ingestion of 137 Cs in rats for 9 months beginning (i) in adulthood, (ii) at birth (including 3 weeks of breastfeeding from dams given 137 Cs-containing water) and (iii) in the fetal stage (from 3 weeks before birth until 9 months of age). For these conditions, no visible deleterious effects on general health indicators such as food or water intake or body weight were shown for any of these groups [42, 43]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, the growth models showed no change in the levels of hormones involved in steroidogenesis after 137 Cs exposure, although corticosterone and aldosterone measurements are missing. In addition to these observations of plasma levels, molecular modifications in steroidogenesis metabolism have been shown in adult, postnatal, and in utero models after chronic 137 Cs exposure for 9 months [42, 73]. These experimental results showing an adult sensitivity disagree with those from the many studies that have shown increased sensitivity in children compared with adults after low doses of radiation [74] or chemical exposures [33, 75].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chronic exposure of adult, postnatal and in utero rat models to low-dose 137Cesium: impact on circulating biomarkers

Manens¹,

Grison²,

Bertho³

et al. 2016

Journal of Radiation Research

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The presence of 137Cesium (137Cs) in the environment after nuclear accidents at Chernobyl and more recently Fukushima Daiichi raises many health issues for the surrounding populations chronically exposed through the food chain. To mimic different exposure situations, we set up a male rat model of exposure by chronic ingestion of a 137Cs concentration likely to be ingested daily by residents of contaminated areas (6500 Bq.l−1) and tested contaminations lasting 9 months for adult, neonatal and fetal rats. We tested plasma and serum biochemistry to identify disturbances in general indicators (lipids, proteins, carbohydrates and electrolytes) and in biomarkers of thyroid, heart, brain, bone, kidney, liver and testis functions. Analysis of the general indicators showed increased levels of cholesterol (+26%), HDL cholesterol (+31%), phospholipids B (+15%) and phosphorus (+100%) in the postnatal group only. Thyroid, heart, brain, bone and kidney functions showed no blood changes in any model. The liver function evaluation showed changes in total bilirubin (+67%) and alkaline phosphatase (–11%) levels, but only for the rats exposed to 137Cs intake in adulthood. Large changes in 17β-estradiol (–69%) and corticosterone (+36%) levels affected steroidogenesis, but only in the adult model. This study showed that response profiles differed according to age at exposure: lipid metabolism was most radiosensitive in the postnatal model, and steroid hormone metabolism was most radiosensitive in rats exposed in adulthood. There was no evidence of deleterious effects suggesting a potential impact on fertility or procreation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic exposure of adult, postnatal and in utero rat models to low-dose 137Cesium: impact on circulating biomarkers

Manens¹,

Grison²,

Bertho³

et al. 2016

Journal of Radiation Research

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“…They showed that testosterone level was not affected following 137 Cs ingestion, whereas the concentration of 17β -estradiol decreased threefold in adult rats exposed to 137 Cs 56) . The same group examined the effects of chronic contamination with low doses of 137 Cs (6,500 Bq/L) in utero or from birth on testicular steroidogenesis in rats 57) . They showed that chronic exposure of growing rats to 137 Cs at doses found in the Chernobyl area exerted few effects on testicular steroidogenesis and histology despite the presence of 137 Cs in the testis, and that growing organisms appeared less sensitive to 137 Cs exposure than adults.…”

Section: Animal Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They showed that chronic exposure of growing rats to 137 Cs at doses found in the Chernobyl area exerted few effects on testicular steroidogenesis and histology despite the presence of 137 Cs in the testis, and that growing organisms appeared less sensitive to 137 Cs exposure than adults. They concluded that testicular steroidogenesis was not altered by chronic exposure to 137 Cs Chernobyl fallout, whether in ute-Cryptorchidism after the Fukushima nuclear accident ro or postnatal 57) . In their study, the testis weight was identical between control and contaminated groups, and although the testicular location was not described in their paper 57) , this was presumably normal due to its lack of mention.…”

Section: Animal Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryptorchidism after the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident:causation or coincidence?

Kojima

Yokoya

Kurita

et al. 2019

FJMS

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Cryptorchidism (undescended testes) is among the most common congenital diseases in male children. Although many factors have been linked to the incidence of cryptorchidism, and testicular androgen plays a key role in its pathogenesis, the cause remains unknown in most cases. Recently, a Japanese group published a speculative paper entitled, "Nationwide increase in cryptorchidism after the Fukushima nuclear accident." Although the authors implicated radionuclides emitted from the Fukushima accident as contributing to an increased incidence of cryptorchidism, they failed to establish biological plausibility for their hypothesis, and glossed over an abundance of evidence and expert opinion to the contrary. We assessed the adequacy of their study in terms of design setting, data analysis, and its conclusion from various perspectives. Numerous factors must be considered, including genetic, environmental, maternal/fetal, and social factors associated with the reporting of cryptorchidism. Other investigators have established that the doses of external and internal radiation exposure in both Fukushima prefecture and the whole of Japan after the accident are too low to affect testicular descent during fetal periods ; thus, a putative association can be theoretically and empirically rejected. Alternative explanations exist for the reported estimates of increased cryptorchidism surgeries in the years following Japan's 2011 earthquake, tsunami, and nuclear crisis. Data from independent sources cast doubt on the extent to which cryptorchidism increased, if at all. In any case, evidence that radionuclides from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant could cause cryptorchidism is lacking.

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“…However, side effects of ionizing radiation cannot be totally avoided . Testis is extremely sensitive to ionizing radiation, in which, as a finely tuned process, spermatogenesis is vulnerable to environmental toxicants . Thus, testis radiation protection is critical for radiation workers as well as doctors involved in radiology, radiotherapy and interventional therapy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monophosphoryl lipid A alleviated radiation‐induced testicular injury through TLR4‐dependent exosomes

Zhe

Cao

Liao

et al. 2020

J Cellular Molecular Medi

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Radiation protection on male testis is an important task for ionizing radiation‐related workers or people who receive radiotherapy for tumours near the testicle. In recent years, Toll‐like receptors (TLRs), especially TLR4, have been widely studied as a radiation protection target. In this study, we detected that a low‐toxicity TLR4 agonist monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) produced obvious radiation protection effects on mice testis. We found that MPLA effectively alleviated testis structure damage and cell apoptosis induced by ionizing radiation (IR). However, as the expression abundance differs a lot in distinct cells and tissues, MPLA seemed not to directly activate TLR4 singling pathway in mice testis. Here, we demonstrated a brand new mechanism for MPLA producing radiation protection effects on testis. We observed a significant activation of TLR4 pathway in macrophages after MPLA stimulation and identified significant changes in macrophage‐derived exosomes protein expression. We proved that after MPLA treatment, macrophage‐derived exosomes played an important role in testis radiation protection, and specially, G‐CSF and MIP‐2 in exosomes are the core molecules in this protection effect.

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Testicular steroidogenesis is not altered by 137 cesium Chernobyl fallout, following in utero or post-natal chronic exposure

Abstract: Testicular steroidogenesis is not altered by 137 cesium Chernobyl fallout, following in utero or post-natal chronic exposure Le ce´sium 137 (Tchernobyl) n'affecte pas la ste´roı ¨dogene`se testiculaire, lors de contaminations chroniques postnatales ou in utero

Cited by 5 publications

References 41 publications

Chronic exposure of adult, postnatal and in utero rat models to low-dose 137Cesium: impact on circulating biomarkers

Chronic exposure of adult, postnatal and in utero rat models to low-dose 137Cesium: impact on circulating biomarkers

Cryptorchidism after the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident:causation or coincidence?

Monophosphoryl lipid A alleviated radiation‐induced testicular injury through TLR4‐dependent exosomes

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