Testicular ischaemic necrosis as a cause of equine cryptorchidism

Gardner, Alison; Santschi, Elizabeth M.; Aeffner, Famke; Pigott, J. H.; Russell, Duncan S.

doi:10.1111/eve.12544

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Longer fasting (24 to 36 hours) is recommended for laparoscopic approaches to reduce the risk of perforation of viscera during introduction of the trocar and allows a better exploration of the abdominal cavity. 8,117,118 Preoperative medication consists of tetanus prophylaxis and administration of a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories (phenylbutazone 4.4 mg/kg IV or per os; or flunixin meglumine 1.1 mg/kg IV, or meloxicam 0.6mg/kg IV). Flunixin meglumine is the preferred option for all horses undergoing laparoscopic cryptorchidectomy to minimize the abdominal discomfort associated with carbon dioxide insufflation.…”

Section: Patient Preparation and Preoperative Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryptorchidism in stallions

Arroyo

Tibary

2023

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Cryptorchidism is the most common disorder of sexual development in the male. The etiopathogenesis of cryptorchidism remains poorly understood and may involve genetic and environmental factors. The condition is obvious in horses with a good history, but diagnosis of cryptorchidism can be challenging in an apparently gelded horse presenting with stallion-like behavior and hemicastrated horses. Determination of the location of the retained testis is important for the selection of the surgical approach for cryptorchidectomy. The objective of this paper is to review current knowledge regarding pathogenesis of cryptorchidism in the equine, and methods for diagnosis including ultrasonographic determination of the location of the retained testis. A discussion of cryptorchidectomy approaches and possible complications is presented.

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Section: Patient Preparation and Preoperative Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryptorchidism in stallions

Arroyo

Tibary

2023

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“…As suggested by Gardner et al . (), it is possible that progression of the testicular ischaemia they identified could lead to complete testicular necrosis resulting in monorchidism. A case reported by Brommer et al .…”

Section: Monorchidismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The case reported by Gardner et al . (), detailing the identification of a malformed ischaemic abdominal testicle, is an example of the unusual situations that can be encountered. This commentary looks further into some of the atypical situations that can be encountered during cryptorchid surgery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atypical cryptorchid castrations

Kramer

2016

Equine Veterinary Education

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“…

Cryptorchidism is a term used to describe the congenital condition in which one or both testicles fail to descend into the scrotum (Shira and Genetzky, 1982). The causes of cryptorchidism are not known, but testicular abnormalities have been suggested (Gardner et al, 2016).Cryptorchid stallions often display the physical and behavioral characteristics of normal stallions. To eliminate masculine characteristics, both testes are routinely entirely removed at cryptorchid stallions (McKinnon et al, 2011;Rodgerson and Hanson, 1997).The numerous approaches for cryptorchidectomy that have been used in horses include:

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cryptorchidism is a term used to describe the congenital condition in which one or both testicles fail to descend into the scrotum (Shira and Genetzky, 1982). The causes of cryptorchidism are not known, but testicular abnormalities have been suggested (Gardner et al, 2016).…”

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confidence: 99%

Surgical Management by Standing Laparoscopy and Inguinal Celiotomy Approach of the Cryptorchid Canadian Pony Stallion – Case Report

Igna¹,

Dascălu²,

Bumb³

et al. 2016

BUASVMCN-VM

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SURGICAL MANAGEMENT BY STANDING LAPAROSCOPY AND INGUINAL CELIOTOMY APPROACH OF THE CRYPTORCHID CANADIAN PONY STALLION – CASE REPORT Cornel IGNA1*, Roxana DASCALU1, Daniel BUMB1, Bogdan Sicoe1, Larisa SCHUSZLER1 1 Banat’s University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, “King Michael I of Romania” from Timisoara, Romania *Corresponding author, e-mail: ignacornel@gmail.com Keywords: cryptorchidectomy, inguinal celiotomy, laparoscopic, stallion pony Introduction: Laparoscopic surgery has become an accepted method of identification and removal of intra-abdominal testes in the horse. Wilson and Madison – 1989 describe the use of laparoscopy to diagnose an abdominal retained testes. Since then numerous laparoscopic cryptorchidectomy techniques have been described. Aims: In the encountered specialty literature there are few reports in which standing laparoscopic cryptorchidectomy could not be performed in stallions including miniature horse too. Because there are no informations regarding laparoscopic surgery in large animals in romanian literature this report describes the surgical management of a Canadian pony diagnosed with partial abdominal unilaterally cryptorchidism at which laparoscopic castration has failed and the removal of the retained testicle has been made through inguinal celiotomy. Materials and Methods: A 4-year-old unilaterally cryptorchid Canadian pony was admitted for castration. The left testis was in the scrotum, but neither the right testis nor the right epididymis could be located by external palpation of the right inguinal canal. The proposed treatment was laparoscopic cryptorchidectomy with pony standing in stock. With a long-handled forceps inserted into the abdominal cavity, the testis cord is gently grasped and moderate traction without success in bringing the testicle into the abdomen - retained testis. After the failure of laparascopic cryptorchidectomy but having an exact diagnosis - partial abdominal unilaterally cryptorchidism, we have proceeded to open cryptorchidectomy via inguinal approach with pony anesthetized and positioned in dorsal recumbency. Results: This case report reveals that the major disadvantage of the cryptorchidectomy by flank approach is the inability to remove an inguinally retained testis. Conclusion: If the location of the testis is unknown, the standing laparoscopic diagnose can be decisive. Cryptorchidectomy via inguinal approach and noninvasive method for identifying and everting the vaginal process by traction of the inguinal extension of the gubernaculum testis are commonly facile procedure.

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Testicular ischaemic necrosis as a cause of equine cryptorchidism

Cited by 8 publications

References 15 publications

Cryptorchidism in stallions

Cryptorchidism in stallions

Atypical cryptorchid castrations

Surgical Management by Standing Laparoscopy and Inguinal Celiotomy Approach of the Cryptorchid Canadian Pony Stallion – Case Report

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