Test weight, kernel shrivelling, and aneuploidy frequency in triticale

Abstract

Kernel shrivelling is one of the main problems in kernel appearance and test weight that cause yield loss. Aneuploidy frequency and its relationship with kernel shrivelling were determined in four triticale genotypes. Firstly, genotypes were divided into two main groups based on their test weights. Secondly, these two groups were subdivided into two subclasses based on kernel appearance. While euploids rate was 100% in plump kernels of high test weight genotypes, this rate was 92 and 94% respectively in a group of shrivelled kernels. Ploidy levels of 2n = 40 and 2n = 41 were observed in aneuploids. A ploidy of 2n = 40 chromosomes was not observed in the plump kernel group of high test weight genotypes, but in the shrivelled kernel group made up 1%. While there were no aneuploids in the plump kernel group of high test weight genotypes, the aneuploidy rate was 7% in the shrivelled kernel group of same genotypes. On the other hand, the aneuploidy rate was 8 and 13% in the plump and shrivelled kernel groups of low test weight genotypes, respectively.

Drought Resistance and Mitotic Instability of Tritipyrum Compared with Triticale and Bread Wheat

“…Other types of aneuploid seedlings were rarely observed. Similar observations have been reported in Triticale (Akgun and Altindal, 2010;Tosun et al, 2003). Euploid seedlings means among light grains of all Tritipyrum-derived genotypes (parental Tritipyrum lines and F 2 progenies) were significantly lower than Triticale.…”

“…It has been suggested that the screening of larger and heavier grains could give a higher frequency of euploids and grain weight significantly affected mitotic chromosome stability in segregation generations. Similar investigations in other crops displayed a close relationship between grain characteristics and aneuploid frequency (Akgun and Altindal, 2010;Oudjehih and Boukaboub, 2000;Suarez and Favret, 1986;Tosun et al, 2003;Tsuchiya, 1973).…”

“…Euploid seedlings means among heavy grains of F 2 progenies showed no significant difference with their parental Tritipyrum genotypes. These data showed that grain weight positively affected chromosome stability in segregation generations (Akgun and Altindal, 2010;Oudjehih and Boukaboub, 2000;Suarez and Favret, 1986;Tosun et al, 2003;Tsuchiya, 1973).…”

Evaluation of Morphological Diversity, Mitotic Instability and Fertility in Tritipyrum

“…It has been suggested that the screening of larger and heavier grains could give a higher frequency of euploids and that grain weight was significantly affected by mitotic chromosome stability in segregation generations. Similar investigations in other crops displayed a close relationship between grain characteristics and aneuploid frequency (Tsuchiya, 1973;Suarez and Favret, 1986;Oudjehih and Boukaboub, 2000;Tosun, et al, 2003;Akgun and Altindal, 2010;Shahriari, et al, 2012). The cluster analysis technique is used for parental selection in breeding programs (El-Deeb and Mohamed, 1999;Leilah and Al-Khateeb, 2005) and/or crop modeling (Jaynes, et al, 2003).…”

“…The assessment of today's Tritipyrum situation in comparison with Triticale and the possible problems facing breeders in future is not an easy undertaking.Research works on Triticale in recent years show the importance of this first man-made cereal (Oudjehih and Boukaboub, 2000;Tosun, et al, 2003;Akgun and Altindal, 2010). There is no reason that the same success should not be achieved in the case of Tritipyrum (Shahsavand hassani, et al, 2000;Kamyab, et al, 2012, Shahriari, et al, 2012.…”