Test surface degradation in Archaias angulatus

Cottey, Theresa L.; Hallock, Pamela

doi:10.2113/gsjfr.18.3.187

Cited by 58 publications

(41 citation statements)

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“…In experi- mental studies, it seems that microborers avoid pores and other cavities, and concentrate their activity near the periphery (Cottey and Hallock, 1988); on the other hand, it seems that microborings in rotalinid foraminifera are more frequent than in miliolinid tests (Peebles and Lewis, 1988;Martin and Liddell, 1991). Although bioerosion on foraminiferal tests and bioeroding foraminifera appear to be concentrated in warm quiet shallow waters (Alexandersson, 1972;May and Perkins, 1979;Kloos, 1982;Peebles and Lewis, 1988), examples of these processes have also been described from moderate to high energy environments, deep waters or high latitudes (Bromley and Surlyk, 1973;Warme, 1975;Delaca and Lipps, 1972;Alexander and Delaca, 1987;Freiwald and Schoenfeld, 1996).…”

Section: Bioerosionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Taphonomic Processes in Selected Lower and Middle Jurassic Foraminifera From the Iberian Range and Basque-Cantabrian Basin (Spain)

Herrero¹,

Canales²

2002

The Journal of Foraminiferal Research

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Lower and Middle Jurassic foraminifera from the Iberian and Basque-Cantabrian Basins exhibit distinct features due to different biostratinomic and diagenetic processes. The main mechanisms of taphonomic alteration identified in our material are bioerosion, abrasion, fragmentation, dissolution, sedimentary infilling, cementation, mineralization, recrystallization sensu lato, pressure-dissolution processes, distortion and removal. Sample preparation prevents the detection of mechanism such as reorientation, regrouping or geopetal infillings. Bioerosion is represented by rare and isolated holes. Pitted surfaces associated with wall pores are the most important corrasion features. Abrasion signs such as polished longitudinal and sutural ribs have been recognized. Fragmentation is common and it is controlled by the shape of the test rather than by the shell size or thickness. Different types and patterns of dissolution have been detected. Micritic infillings have been observed in most of the specimens; nevertheless, sparitic and pyrite cementations are also abundant. Neomorphism includes features such as inversions and recrystallization; pyrite and possibly silica replacements have been recognized. A great number of the specimens show calcitic crusts that obscure wall surfaces and may prevent identification. Mineralization is represented by sylvite crystals on the surface of some uppermost Toarcian and Aalenian foraminiferal shells. Fossil diagenetic distortion is frequent and affects the specimens independently of their morphology. Signals of reworking (''resedimentation'') are common in the specimens. Two direct criteria for the recognition of reworking (''reelaboration'') are shown for the first time on the foraminiferal shells. More research must be done to discern the history of the foraminiferal assemblages in order to achieve accurate biostratigraphical, paleoecological and paleobiogeographical interpretations.

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Section: Bioerosionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Shallow small holes would be caused by abrasion while deep ones with smooth peripheries would be due to dissolution (Cottey and Hallock, 1988). In general, abrasion makes more gentle relief in the shells (flattened ornamentation and polished surface), while the surface relief is increased in dissolution processes (Peebles and Lewis, 1991).…”

Section: Corrasionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taphonomic Processes in Selected Lower and Middle Jurassic Foraminifera From the Iberian Range and Basque-Cantabrian Basin (Spain)

Herrero¹,

Canales²

2002

The Journal of Foraminiferal Research

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“…Samples S61 and S63 had non-infilled fossil lagoonal taxa that were mostly Archaias (Appendix 2). These were considered allochthonous and excluded from the total assemblage because they were unstained by rose Bengal, and they exhibited characteristics of transport despite the low groundwater flow velocity at these sample sites (greater than stage 2-3 abrasion and breakage as per Cottey and Hallock, 1988).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecology of Foraminifera and Habitat Variability in an Underwater Cave: Distinguishing Anchialine Versus Submarine Cave Environments

Hengstum

Scott

2011

The Journal of Foraminiferal Research

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Seventy-five surface «4 cm) sediment samples were collected throughout Green Bay Cave System, Bermuda to investigate foraminiferal ecology and habitat variability in underwater coastal caves. This cave is ideal for studying different cave environments because it consists of an anchialine cave environment connected to a submarine cave environment. Each sediment sample was analyzed for foraminifera, 1) 13 C org , C:N, organic matter content, CaC0 3 , and granulometry. Measurements of pH, salinity, dissolved oxygen, and temperature in the coastal aquifer distinguished the meteoric lens and saline groundwater. Q-mode cluster analysis on the foraminifera produced a dendrogram that segregates the anchialine and submarine cave environments, and subdivides each environment into distinct habitats consistent with local hydrogeology and sedimentology. The anchialine cave environment near the sinkhole is characterized by two groups of foraminifera: 1) the Meteoric Lens Assemblage living in the brackish meteoric lens within 60 cm of sea level, and 2) the Anchialine Cave Assemblage living in the saline groundwater. Helenina anderseni, Discorinopsis aguayoi, and other marsh foraminifera can persist in the brackish meteoric lens, which transitions into a more diverse assemblage dominated by Bolivina striatula and Rosalina globularis below the halocline. The boundary between the anchialine (terrestrially dominated) and submarine cave (marine-dominated) environments is demarcated by gross foraminiferal and sedimentary changes (1)13Corg from -24%0 to -18%0, C:N from 11.2 to 8.3) that correspond to the m~ximum point where terrestrial influences routinely impact the cave benthos. Three assemblages of foraminifera inhabit the submarine cave environment: 1) the Entrance Assemblage in the first -60 m of the submarine cave, dominated by Quinqueloculina; 2) the Circulated Submarine Cave Assemblage dominated by Spirillina vivipara' and Triloculina oblonga, and 3) the Isolated Submarine Cave Assemblage dominated by Spirophthalmidium emaciatum. Planktic tintinnids suggest that tidally forced saline groundwater circulation is transporting more nutrients and particulate organic matter to the Circulated Submarine Cave Assemblage than the Isolated Submarine Cave Assemblage. These results indicate that coastal caves are partitioned into specific environments that can be further subdivided into habitats by groundwater masses, sediment fluxes (terrestrial versus marine), and groundwater circulation. This implies that that cave foraminifera can be useful paleohydrogeologic, paleoclimatic, and Quaternary sea-level proxies.

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“…BANDY (1964) assumed that the total populations represented living populations and concluded that A. angulatus is a stenohaline species, because its endosymbionts limit it to depths of <20 m (LEE et al 1974, MARTIN 1986). Tests of Archaias are strong and resistant to abrasion and dissolution (COTTEY & HALLOCK 1988) and cause a dominance of dead specimens in the respective areas (MARTIN 1986). The calcite shells of the miliolid species A. angulatus contain two-to-three times more magnesium in their tests, which ranges from 10 -14%, than the benthic rotaliid foraminifera (MACINTYRE & REID 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible Fossil Echinoid Mass Mortality Detected in Holocene Lagoons, Belize

Gischler

2010

PALAIOS

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The development of benthic foraminiferal assemblages during the past 6,000 yrs was investigated in Holocene sediment cores from three carbonate platforms (Turneffe Islands, Lighthouse Reef, and Glovers Reef) Based on cluster analyses, seven benthic foraminiferal assemblages are distinguished during the Holocene.The three platforms exhibit characteristic differences in benthic foraminiferal fauna and diversity, which are controlled by their respective environments during the last 6,000 yrs. Turneffe Islands has four benthic foraminiferal assemblages, which are typical for restricted lagoons with fluctuating salinity. Lighthouse Reef is inhabited by two benthic foraminifera associations, which are characteristic of high water exchange with the surrounding ocean and clear waters. Glovers Reef is characterized by two benthic foraminiferal assemblages, which occur in deeper lagoons with slow water circulation. In general, during the Holocene, the highest mean diversity, evenness, and richness of benthic foraminifera were found in the Turneffe Islands and the lowest occurred at Glovers Reef. The foraminiferal faunas of the Lighthouse and Glovers Reefs had been in a "Diversification Stage" since 6,000 yrs, whereas the foraminiferal fauna of the Turneffe Islands reflects the development from a "Colonisation" (~4,000 yrs BP) to a "Diversification Stage" (~2,000 yrs to present time).Lagoonal depth, water circulation, substrate, and BW-temperature have higher influence on foraminiferal diversity as compared to lagoonal size and age. The negative correlation between diversity and lagoonal depth is based on differences in light intensity and substrate. In contrast to Lighthouse Reef, the Turneffe Islands and Glovers Reef show decreasing diversity of benthic foraminifera with increasing lagoon depth, due to finer sediment, turbid waters and/or dense mangrove growth, which reduce the light intensity and the number of species. Water Circulation also affected the benthic foraminifera modes of living and their diversity during the last 6,000 yrs.

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Test surface degradation in Archaias angulatus

Cited by 58 publications

References 0 publications

Taphonomic Processes in Selected Lower and Middle Jurassic Foraminifera From the Iberian Range and Basque-Cantabrian Basin (Spain)

Taphonomic Processes in Selected Lower and Middle Jurassic Foraminifera From the Iberian Range and Basque-Cantabrian Basin (Spain)

Ecology of Foraminifera and Habitat Variability in an Underwater Cave: Distinguishing Anchialine Versus Submarine Cave Environments

Possible Fossil Echinoid Mass Mortality Detected in Holocene Lagoons, Belize

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