Test–retest reliability of motor evoked potentials (MEPs) at the submental muscle group during volitional swallowing

Doeltgen, Sebastian; Ridding, Michael C.; O’Beirne, Greg A.; Dalrymple‐Alford, John C.; Huckabee, Maggie‐Lee

doi:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2008.12.005

Cited by 28 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This may exaggerate, or mask, the effects induced by rehabilitative interventions. On this note, investigations assessing the reliability of MEPs in measuring excitability of corticobulbar and corticospinal motor projections suggest that averaging multiple trials minimizes the effect of intrinsic variability and improves the reliability of mean MEP measurement [20,23,24]. This is in agreement with the absent effect of time on mean MEP measures documented in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

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Effects of Repeated Volitional Swallowing on the Excitability of Submental Corticobulbar Motor Pathways

et al. 2010

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The aim of this study was to examine the effects of repeated volitional saliva swallowing on corticobulbar excitability recorded during two muscle preactivation conditions of the submental muscle group. Motor-evoked potentials (MEPs), elicited by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), were assessed in ten healthy volunteers prior to and at 5, 30, 60, and 90 min after 60 volitional saliva swallows (Protocol A). To control for intrinsic fluctuations in corticobulbar excitability during this assessment period, MEPs were also recorded, on a different day, at 30-min intervals across a 2-h period (Protocol B). At each assessment, 15 MEPs were recorded during two submental muscle preactivation conditions: volitional contraction and contraction associated with the pharyngeal phase of volitional swallowing. There were no significant effects of repetitive volitional swallowing or time on MEP measures (p>0.05). We conclude that volitional saliva swallowing does not have immediate effects on the excitability of corticobulbar projections to the submental musculature during volitionally initiated swallowing motor tasks. These results provide no evidence for use-dependent potentiation of corticobulbar excitability through repetitive saliva swallowing. The lack of effects of time on mean MEP measures supports previous reports of good intrasession reliability of MEPs as a measure of corticobulbar excitability.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…The procedures followed in this study have been reported to allow reliable measurement of corticobulbar excitability during pharyngeal swallowing within and across sessions [20]. Subjects were seated in a comfortable chair.…”

Section: Experimental Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Repeated Volitional Swallowing on the Excitability of Submental Corticobulbar Motor Pathways

et al. 2010

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“…Since only 4 out of 15 subjects could have intensity below 100% maximal output at 1.8 RMT (above the maximal output of the machine), MEP amplitudes at this intensity were not included in the further comparison. According to a previous report [33]–[35], a mean of five recorded MEPs resulted in good-to-high reliability in amplitude measures when a single hotspot technique was applied; five MEPs were therefore recorded at each stimulus intensity to avoid general fatigue in the participants. Subjects were allowed to rest between trials in order to avoid muscle fatigue.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fractional Anisotropy in Corpus Callosum Is Associated with Facilitation of Motor Representation during Ipsilateral Hand Movements

Chiou¹,

Wang²,

Roberts

et al. 2014

PLoS ONE

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BackgroundCoactivation of primary motor cortex ipsilateral to a unilateral movement (M1ipsilateral) has been observed, and the magnitude of activation is influenced by the contracting muscles. It has been suggested that the microstructural integrity of the callosal motor fibers (CMFs) connecting M1 regions may reflect the observed response. However, the association between the structural connectivity of CMFs and functional changes in M1ipsilateral remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between functional changes within M1ipsilateral during unilateral arm or leg movements and the microstructure of the CMFs connecting both homotopic representations (arm or leg).MethodsTranscranial magnetic stimulation was used to assess changes in motor evoked potentials (MEP) in an arm muscle during unilateral movements compared to rest in fifteen healthy adults. Functional magnetic resonance imaging was then used to identify regions of M1 associated with either arm or leg movements. Diffusion-weighted imaging data was acquired to generate CMFs for arm and leg areas using the areas of activation from the functional imaging as seed masks. Individual values of regional fractional anisotropy (FA) of arm and leg CMFs was then calculated by examining the overlap between CMFs and a standard atlas of corpus callosum.ResultsThe change in the MEP was significantly larger in the arm movement compared to the leg movement. Additionally, regression analysis revealed that FA in the arm CMFs was positively correlated with the change in MEP during arm movement, whereas a negative correlation was observed during the leg movement. However, there was no significant relationship between FA in the leg CMF and the change in MEP during the movements.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that individual differences in interhemispheric structural connectivity may be used to explain a homologous muscle-dominant effect within M1ipsilateral hand representation during unilateral movement with topographical specificity.

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“…Hundreds of studies in neurologic populations such as stroke and spinal cord injury attribute time-varying change in TMS metrics to physiologic mechanisms underlying disease and recovery (Stinear et al, 2007; Trompetto et al, 2000; Liepert et al, 2000; Wittenberg et al, 2003). However, to ensure that TMS can indeed serve as a clinical tool to track longitudinal processes, it is first critical to understand test-retest reliability of its metrics in healthy individuals (Malcolm et al, 2006; Pourtney and Watkins, 2000; Christie et al, 2007; Doeltgen et al, 2009; De Vet et al, 2006; Mills and Nithi 1997; Kimiskidis et al 2004). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproducibility of transcranial magnetic stimulation metrics in the study of proximal upper limb muscles

Sankarasubramanian

Roelle

Bonnett

et al. 2015

Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology

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Objective Reproducibility of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) metrics is essential in accurately tracking recovery and disease. However, majority of evidence pertains to reproducibility of metrics for distal upper limb muscles. We investigate for the first time, reliability of corticospinal physiology for a large proximal muscle-the biceps brachii and relate how varying statistical analyses can influence interpretations. Methods 14 young right-handed healthy participants completed two sessions assessing resting motor threshold (RMT), motor evoked potentials (MEPs), motor map and intra-cortical inhibition (ICI) from the left biceps brachii. Analyses included paired t-tests, Pearson's, intra-class (ICC) and concordance correlation coefficients (CCC) and Bland-Altman plots. Results Unlike paired t-tests, ICC, CCC and Pearson's were >0.6 indicating good reliability for RMTs, MEP intensities and locations of map; however values were <0.3 for MEP responses and ICI. Conclusions Corticospinal physiology, defining excitability and output in terms of intensity of the TMS device, and spatial loci are the most reliable metrics for the biceps. MEPs and variables based on MEPs are less reliable since biceps receives fewer cortico-motor-neuronal projections. Statistical tests of agreement and associations are more powerful reliability indices than inferential tests. Significance Reliable metrics of proximal muscles when translated to a larger number of participants would serve to sensitively track and prognosticate function in neurological disorders such as stroke where proximal recovery precedes distal.

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Test–retest reliability of motor evoked potentials (MEPs) at the submental muscle group during volitional swallowing

Cited by 28 publications

References 13 publications

Effects of Repeated Volitional Swallowing on the Excitability of Submental Corticobulbar Motor Pathways

Effects of Repeated Volitional Swallowing on the Excitability of Submental Corticobulbar Motor Pathways

Fractional Anisotropy in Corpus Callosum Is Associated with Facilitation of Motor Representation during Ipsilateral Hand Movements

Reproducibility of transcranial magnetic stimulation metrics in the study of proximal upper limb muscles

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