Test-retest reliability and minimal detectable change of the Contextual Memory Test in older adults with and without mild cognitive impairment

Liao, Wan-Wen; Wu, Ching‐yi; Liu, Chien-Hsiou; Lin, Shinn-Kuang; Chiau, Hui-Yan; Chen, Chia‐Ling

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0236654

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 54 publications

(82 reference statements)

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“…The larger of ICC values, the smaller the SEM value, while the higher of SEM value, the larger of MDC value. A smaller SEM value suggested a better absolute reliability and MDC value represented the minimal amounts of changes need to be considered as a real change and exceed the random errors 37 . The SEM value of FPI-6 total score for inter-rater and test–retest was 0.17 and the MDC value of FPI-6 total score for inter-rater and test–retest was 0.47.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliability and validity of Foot Posture Index (FPI-6) for evaluating foot posture in participants with low back pain

Yang

Mao

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Previous studies have demonstrated that Foot Posture Index (FPI-6) is a valid and moderately reliable tool to evaluate foot posture. However, data about reliability and validity of FPI-6 in the assessment of foot posture in people with low back pain (LBP) is lacking. To investigate reliability and validity of FPI-6 in the assessment of foot posture in people with LBP. Thirty volunteers with LBP, aged 20–64 years, were recruited for the research and assessed by two raters. The data measured by different raters on the same day were used to calculate the inter-rater reliability. The data measured by the same rater on different dates were used to calculate the test–retest reliability. The reliability of FPI-6 was tested with intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and absolute reliability with standard error of measurement (SEM), minimal detectable change (MDC) and Bland–Altman analysis. The validity of FPI-6 was tested with Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Spearman's correlation coefficients. The FPI-6 indicated excellent inter-rater and test–retest reliability in the evaluation of foot posture in people with LBP (ICC = 0.97 and 0.95). The agreement for inter-rater and test–retest was excellent based on the SEM (SEM = 0.12) and MDC value (MDC = 0.33). Bland–Altman plots showed that there was no significant systematic bias for the agreement on the ground of low mean difference (< 1). The EFA suggested that the fit indices were considered acceptable according to the Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin (KMO) value (KMO = 0.620) and Bartlett's sphericity test (P < 0.01). There was a statistically significant positive correlation between each item and total score of FPI-6 because the Spearman’s correlation coefficient of six items were all > 0.3 (P < 0.01). The inter-rater and test–retest reliability and validity of FPI-6 on people with LBP were proved reliable. It might be considered a reliable and valid adjunctive tool to detect possible changes of foot posture after interventions in patients with LBP.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliability and validity of Foot Posture Index (FPI-6) for evaluating foot posture in participants with low back pain

Yang

Mao

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Screening recall in older cancer survivors detects differences in balance and mobility

Blackwood

Sweeney

Rybicki

2021

Support Care Cancer

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Associations of Word Memory, Verbal Fluency, Processing Speed, and Crystallized Cognitive Ability With One-Legged Balance Performance in Mid- and Later Life

Blodgett

Cooper

Davis

et al. 2021

The Journals of Gerontology: Series A

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Background Cognitive integration of sensory input and motor output plays an important role in balance. Despite this, it is not clear if specific cognitive processes are associated with balance and how these associations change with age. We examined longitudinal associations of word memory, verbal fluency, search speed and reading ability with repeated measures of one-legged balance performance. Methods Up to 2934 participants in the MRC National Survey of Health and Development, a British birth cohort study, were included. At age 53, word memory, verbal fluency, search speed and reading ability were assessed. One-legged balance times (eyes closed) were measured at ages 53, 60-64 and 69 years. Associations between each cognitive measure and balance time were assessed using random-effects models. Adjustments were made for sex, death, attrition, height, body mass index, health conditions, health behaviours, education, and occupational class. Results In sex-adjusted models, one SD higher scores in word memory, search speed and verbal fluency were associated with 14.1% (95%CI: 11.3,16.8), 7.2% (4.4,9.9) and 10.3% (7.5,13.0) better balance times at age 53, respectively. Higher reading scores were associated with better balance, although this association plateaued. Associations were partially attenuated in mutually-adjusted models and effect sizes were smaller at ages 60-64 and 69. In fully-adjusted models, associations were largely explained by education, although remained for word memory and search speed. Conclusions Higher cognitive performance across all measures was independently associated with better balance performance in midlife. Identification of individual cognitive mechanisms involved in balance could lead to opportunities for targeted interventions in midlife.

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Test-retest reliability and minimal detectable change of the Contextual Memory Test in older adults with and without mild cognitive impairment

Cited by 5 publications

References 54 publications

Reliability and validity of Foot Posture Index (FPI-6) for evaluating foot posture in participants with low back pain

Reliability and validity of Foot Posture Index (FPI-6) for evaluating foot posture in participants with low back pain

Screening recall in older cancer survivors detects differences in balance and mobility

Associations of Word Memory, Verbal Fluency, Processing Speed, and Crystallized Cognitive Ability With One-Legged Balance Performance in Mid- and Later Life

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