Test operation of a 100kW pilot plant for solar hydrogen production from water on a solar tower

Roeb, Martin; Säck, Jan-Peter; Rietbrock, P.; Prahl, Christoph; Schreiber, H. A.; Neises, Martina; Oliveira, Lamark de; Graf, Daniela; Ebert, Miriam; Reinalter, Wolfgang; Meyer-Grünefeldt, Mirko; Sattler, Christian; López, Alberto Acosta; Vidal, Alfonso; Elsberg, A.; Stobbe, Per; Jones, D.; Steele, A.; Λορέντζου, Σουζάνα; Pagkoura, Chrysoula; Zygogianni, Alexandra; Agrafiotis, Christos; Konstandopoulos, Athanasios G.

doi:10.1016/j.solener.2010.04.014

Cited by 142 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…While experimental campaigns such as HYDROSOL 2 proved the operability of this process on a solar tower [19,20], identifying that an efficient metal oxide is crucial for the commercialization of this technology. Many materials have been investigated such as various types of ferrites that suffer from sintering and slow kinetics [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] as well as cycles based on zinc or tin oxide requiring rapid quenching because of volatilization [29][30][31][32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermogravimetric Analysis of Zirconia-Doped Ceria for Thermochemical Production of Solar Fuel

Call¹,

Roeb²,

Schmücker³

et al. 2013

AJAC

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Developing an efficient redox material is crucial for thermochemical cycles that produce solar fuels (e.g. H 2 and CO), enabling a sustainable energy supply. In this study, zirconia-doped cerium oxide (Ce 1−x Zr x O 2 ) was tested in CO 2 -splitting cycles for the production of CO. The impact of the Zr-content on the splitting performance was investigated within the range 0 ≤ x < 0.4. The materials were synthesized via a citrate nitrate auto combustion route and subjected to thermogravimetric experiments. The results indicate that there is an optimal zirconium content, x = 0.15, improving the specific CO 2 -splitting performance by 50% compared to pure ceria. Significantly enhanced performance is observed for 0.15 ≤ x ≤ 0.225. Outside this range, the performance decreases to values of pure ceria. These results agree with theoretical studies attributing the improvements to lattice modification. Introducing Zr 4+ into the fluorite structure of ceria compensates for the expansion of the crystal lattice caused by the reduction of Ce 4+ to Ce 3+ . Regarding the reaction conditions, the most efficient composition Ce 0.85 Zr 0.15 O 2 enhances the required conditions by a temperature of 60 K or one order of magnitude of the partial pressure of oxygen p(O 2 ) compared to pure ceria. The optimal composition was tested in long-term experiments of one hundred cycles, which revealed declining splitting kinetics.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermogravimetric Analysis of Zirconia-Doped Ceria for Thermochemical Production of Solar Fuel

Call¹,

Roeb²,

Schmücker³

et al. 2013

AJAC

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“…[44] There are three alternative routes for the production of renewable H 2 : (i) bioroutes involving cyanobacteria or green algae, [45][46][47] (ii) high-temperature thermochemistry using concentrated solar power (CSP), [48][49][50] and (iii) photo-(electro)chemical water splitting or photoelectrolysis using semiconductors. [51][52][53][54] All of these routes are still being developed, and so there are many uncertainties at present surrounding the cost of H 2 production.…”

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confidence: 99%

Can We Afford to Waste Carbon Dioxide? Carbon Dioxide as a Valuable Source of Carbon for the Production of Light Olefins

2011

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Concerns about climate change have increased the amount of activity on carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) as one of the solutions to the problem of rising levels of CO(2) in the troposphere, while the reuse of CO(2) (carbon capture and recycling; CCR) has only recently received more attention. CCR is focused on the possibility of using CO(2) as a cheap (or even negative-value) raw material. This Concept paper analyzes this possibility from a different perspective: In a sustainable vision, can we afford to waste CO(2) as a source of carbon in a changing world faced with a fast depletion of natural carbon sources and in need of a low-carbon, resource-efficient economy? One of the points emerging from this discussion concerns the use of CO(2) for the production of olefins (substituting into or integrating with current energy-intensive methodologies that start from oil or syngas from other fossil fuel resources) if H(2) from renewable resources were available at competitive costs. This offers an opportunity to accelerate the introduction of renewable energy into the chemical production chain, and thus to improve resource efficiency in this important manufacturing sector.

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“…systems based on transporting metal oxide particles in the form of fluidized beds or moving beds [12][13][14], where particles are conveyed from hotter sections of the reactors where thermal reduction takes place to colder sections to allow water oxidation to take place, and returned after completion; 2. designs suggesting achieving this by using monolithic porous structures made of the active metal oxides and turning or moving them, such that they alternately move through the hot and cold sections [15,16]; and 3. designs suggesting fixing the metal oxide and raising/ lowering the solar heat flux by focusing/defocusing the mirrors [17,18].…”

Section: Problem Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic separation for a continuous solar-two-step thermochemical cycle for solar hydrogen/CO production using ferrites

Arias

2015

Int J Energy Environ Eng

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A novel solar-two-step thermochemical concept for continuous production of H 2 or CO from solar energy and H 2 O or CO 2 using the redox pair MOFe 2 O 3 / MO as reactive particles is proposed and assessed. Here, an efficient continuous separation mechanism is devised by the use of an external magnetic field and the weak magnetization of MOFe 2 O 3 at the working temperatures. The mechanism is suitable for systems of ferrites with a Curie temperature in the range 500-800 C where water or CO 2 decomposition occurs. One of the most promising candidates is the Fe 3 O 4 /FeO system. Pyromagnetic coefficients for Fe 3 O 4 were obtained experimentally. A simple magnetic trap was employed and the separation ratios Fe 3 O 4 / FeO were obtained. The results are encouraging and motivate the development of full-scale solar reactor prototypes.

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Test operation of a 100kW pilot plant for solar hydrogen production from water on a solar tower

Cited by 142 publications

References 15 publications

Thermogravimetric Analysis of Zirconia-Doped Ceria for Thermochemical Production of Solar Fuel

Thermogravimetric Analysis of Zirconia-Doped Ceria for Thermochemical Production of Solar Fuel

Can We Afford to Waste Carbon Dioxide? Carbon Dioxide as a Valuable Source of Carbon for the Production of Light Olefins

Magnetic separation for a continuous solar-two-step thermochemical cycle for solar hydrogen/CO production using ferrites

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