Test of Structural Relationships Within a Proposed Exercise and Self-Esteem Model

Sonstroem, Robert J.; Harlow, Lisa L.; Gemma, Loren M.; Osborne, Suzanne E.

doi:10.1207/s15327752jpa5602_13

Cited by 45 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…The physical self is therefore a potential mediator between exercise involvement and self-esteem. This mediating role, also shown in Sonstroem and Morgan's (1989) Exercise and Self-Esteem Model, has been supported in various studies using structural equation modelling (e.g., Sonstroem, Harlow & Josephs, 1994;Sonstroem, Harlow, Gemma & Osborne, 1991). However, this mediating property of physical self-worth, has not been examined in employee populations.…”

mentioning

confidence: 82%

Relationships between exercise and three components of mental well-being in corporate employees

Thøgersen‐Ntoumani

Fox

Ntoumanis

2005

Psychology of Sport and Exercise

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Objectives: The main purpose of the present study was to examine the relationships between exercise participation and three components of mental well-being (physical self, work-related, and global) in a sample of corporate employees. As a subsidiary and exploratory question, we also examined whether these well-being components are more strongly related to structured exercise participation scores compared to total levels of physical activity.Design: Cross-sectional survey.Method: The participants were 312 employees from an information technology company (n=204 males and n=108 females). Structural equation modelling was used to examine links between exercise participation and the three well-being components within a hierarchical framework, featuring global well-being constructs at the apex and specific elements of wellbeing at lower levels.Results: Support was found for the a priori model in that there were direct paths from exercise to physical self and enthusiasm at work. Furthermore, there were indirect paths between exercise and global well-being components through measures of the physical self and enthusiasm at work. The results of an alternative model using physical activity as opposed to exercise were generally similar. Conclusion:The support found for the exercise and well-being model indicates that exercise is associated directly and indirectly with high well-being in various facets of employees' lives. Thus, this study extends previous research that has examined associations between exercise and isolated indicators of employee well-being. Finally, the results pertaining to physical activity suggest that workplace exercise promotion programmes should incorporate and promote lifestyle physical activity.

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mentioning

confidence: 82%

Relationships between exercise and three components of mental well-being in corporate employees

Thøgersen‐Ntoumani

Fox

Ntoumanis

2005

Psychology of Sport and Exercise

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“…One model that links physical self-perceptions to physical activity participation is the exercise and self-esteem model (EXSEM) (Sonstroem and Morgan, 1989;Sonstroem et al, 1991). The EXSEM states that changes in selfperceptions and in particular the belief in one's capabilities to become or remain physically active have aninfluence on changes in physical activity participation and the other way around.…”

Section: General Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is particularly important since obese people with BED perceive themselves as less competent in undertaking physical activity than obese people without BED (Vancampfort et al, 2014). Various studies based on the EXSEM model (Sonstroem et al, 1991) suggest that positive experiences when being more physically active could enhance physical activity self-efficacy, which in turn may benefit one's physical self-perceptions and ultimately even lead to changes in self-esteem and health related quality of life.…”

Section: General Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in physical activity, physical fitness, self-perception and quality of life following a 6-month physical activity counseling and cognitive behavioral therapy program in outpatients with binge eating disorder

Vancampfort

Probst

Adriaens

et al. 2014

Psychiatry Research

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Changes in physical activity, physical fitness, self-perception and quality of life following a six-month physical activity counseling and cosgnitive behavioral therapy program in outpatients with binge eating disorder, Psychiatry Research, http://dx.doi.org/10. 1016/j.psychres.2014.05.016 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting galley proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. AbstractThe aim of the current study was to explore the associations between changes in the number of binges, physical activity participation, physical fitness, physical self-perception and quality of life following a six-month physical activity counseling and cognitive behavioral program in patients with binge eating disorder (BED). In total 34 (31 women) outpatients with BED (38.5±10.7 years) completed a six-month one-day per week group-based program.Participants completed the 36-item Short Form Health Survey, the Baecke Physical Activity questionnaire, the Physical Self Perception Profile and performed a six-minute walk test (6MWT) at baseline, after three and six months. Except for physical activity at work, physical strength and self-worth perception, all parameters significantly improved after six months.The effect sizes ranged from -0.33 for the number of binges to 1.67 for participation in sports activities. Significant increases in leisure time physical activity were associated with significant improvements in physical health related quality of life, perceived sports competence and physical fitness and in perceived body attractiveness. The significant reduction in the number of binges was associated with significant improvements in physical health related quality of life. Future research should focus on detailing which techniques can stimulate physical activity participation in patients with BED.

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“…Hence, the previous unidimensional concept of physical competence in the old model was replaced with a multidimensional concept of physical competence, which gives the model enhanced strength and potential for detecting mechanisms that underlie links between exercise and self-esteem and provides greater opportunities to test the discriminant validity of the model and to link it to external criteria (Sonstroem, 1997a). The validity of both the old model and, in particular, the new one, has received support or partial support in several studies (Alfermann & Stoll, 2000;Sonstroem, Harlow, Gemma & Osborne, 1991;Sonstroem, Harlow & Salisbury, 1993, Sonstroem et al, 1994. With regard to the link between physical self-efficacy, the PSPP subdomain variables, physical self-worth and self-esteem, it seems that physical self-efficacy is most closely related to the condition variable, whereas body attraction relates most strongly to physical self-worth, and thus indirectly to global self-esteem (Aşçi, Aşçi & Zorba, 1999;Sonstroem et al, 1994).…”

Section: Self-esteem Estimation Attractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercising the Self: On the Role of Exercise, Gender and Culture in Physical-self Perceptions

Lindwall¹

2004

PsycEXTRA Dataset

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In modern society, individuals constantly pass judgments on their own body and physical competence as well as that of other people. All too often, the verdict is less favourable. For the person, these physical self-perceptions (PSP) may negatively affect global self-esteem, identity, and general mental well being. The overall aim of this thesis is to examine primarily the role that exercise, but also the roles that gender and culture, play in the formation of PSP. In Study I, using confirmatory factor analyses, strong support for the validity of a firstorder, and a second-order hierarchical and multidimensional model of the Physical Self-Perception Profile (PSPP: Fox & Corbin, 1989) was found across three national samples (Great Britain, Sweden and Turkey) of university students. Cross-cultural differences were detected, with the British sample demonstrating higher latent means on all PSPP subdomains except for the physical condition subdomain (Condition), than the Swedish and Turkish samples. In Study II, a higher self-reported exercise frequency was associated with more positive PSP (in particular for Condition) and more importance attributed to PSP in Swedish university students. Males demonstrated higher overall PSPP-scores than females. In Study III, a true-experimental design with randomisation into an intervention and a control group was adopted. Strong support for the effects of an empowerment-based exercise intervention programme on PSP and social physique anxiety (SPA) over six months for adolescent girls was found. The relations of exercise, gender and culture with PSP, SPA and self-esteem are discussed from the standpoints of a variety of theoretical models (e.g., the EXSEM-model), and frameworks (self-presentation and objectification theory). The two theories of self-enhancement and skilldevelopment are examined with regard to the direction of the exercise-physical self relationship and motivation for exercise. Arguments for the relevance of exercise and PSP for practitioners in promoting general mental well-being and preventing modern-day diseases are outlined. Brown, 1998; p. 193). "It is pretty well understood now that the result of physical training is to train the nervous centres more than the muscles"(James, 1899; p. 220). AcknowledgementsThe work presented in this doctoral dissertation was supported financially by the following institutions: The Department of Psychology, Stockholm University;The Swedish National Center for Research in Sports (CIF); The School of Social and Health Sciences, Halmstad University and Stockholm University College of Physical Education and Sports.Writing a doctoral dissertation can be described as being stranded (fortunately mentally more than physically) on a deserted island for four years. In the quest for survival in the academic jungle (i.e. in the context of writing a PhD dissertation, to finish in the predetermined time of four years), the famous philosophical quotation from the poet and theologian John Donne (1573-1631):"No man is an island, entire ...

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Test of Structural Relationships Within a Proposed Exercise and Self-Esteem Model

Cited by 45 publications

References 48 publications

Relationships between exercise and three components of mental well-being in corporate employees

Relationships between exercise and three components of mental well-being in corporate employees

Changes in physical activity, physical fitness, self-perception and quality of life following a 6-month physical activity counseling and cognitive behavioral therapy program in outpatients with binge eating disorder

Exercising the Self: On the Role of Exercise, Gender and Culture in Physical-self Perceptions

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