Test for characterizing settleability of anaerobic sludge

Andras, E.; Kennedy, Kevin J.; Richardson, Des

doi:10.1080/09593338909384762

Cited by 26 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Results were compared to those of the seed sludge. Biomass settling velocities were determined based on the procedure described by Andras et al (1989). Briefly, a 7 mℓ biomass sample was placed in a glass upflow velocity test tube (length = 200 mm ; ID.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of recycle on treatment of aircraft de-icing fluid in an anaerobic baffled reactors

Kennedy¹,

Barriault²

2007

WSA

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Aircraft de-icing fluid at 7 000 mg COD/ℓ was successfully treated in an anaerobic baffled reactor operated with and without recycle at volumetric organic loading rate of between 4 and 11 g COD/ℓ reactor ·d. Reactor recycle was found to improve reactor performance. The anaerobic baffled reactor operated with a 6:1 recycle ratio achieved a minimum hydraulic retention time of 17 h with an acceptable COD removal efficiency of 93% at a volumetric organic loading rate of 9.9 g COD/ℓ reactor ·d. This corresponded to a specific organic loading rate of 0.35 g COD/g VSS·d and specific organic removal rate of 0.32 g COD rem /g VSS·d. Without recycle similar removal efficiency was achieved; however, the loading rates were about 40% less. Due to biomass growth specific organic loading rate was not found to vary significantly through most of the experimental period despite loading rate increases.Hydrodynamically, an anaerobic baffled reactor may be characterised as an in-series continuously stirred tank reactor where the number of continuously stirred tank reactors corresponded to the number of actual compartments. Volatile fatty acid profiles tend to indicate that anaerobic baffled reactor compartmentalisation served to separate acidogenic and methanogenic activities longitudinally through the reactor, with the highest proportion of acidogenic activity in the first compartments. The net accumulated yield within the anaerobic baffled reactor was found to be of 0.007 g VSS/g COD rem when the ABR was operated without recycle and of 0.016 g VSS/g COD rem for the ABR operated with recycle.Keywords: anaerobic baffled reactor, de-icing fluid, treatment Nomenclature ABR = anaerobic baffled reactors ADF = aircraft de-icing fluid COD = chemical oxygen demand CSTR = continuously stirred tank reactor HRT = hydraulic retention time ID = internal diameter OLR = volumetric organic loading rate RTD = residence time distribution SOLR = specific organic loading rate SORR = specific organic removal rate SRT = solids retention time SS = steady state STP = standard temperature and pressure TSS = total suspended solids UASB = upflow anaerobic sludge blanket VFA = volatile fatty acids VSS = volatile suspended solids

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of recycle on treatment of aircraft de-icing fluid in an anaerobic baffled reactors

Kennedy¹,

Barriault²

2007

WSA

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“…A typical reaction with a molecule, RH, is shown below in Equation 3. The radical formed in the reaction will then undergo a reaction with another molecule, and propagation of subsequent reactions will continue until the radical is quenched by an appropriate molecule, such as vitamin E in lipid membranes.…”

Section: Sod: Ho^-+ O; + (1)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Granules settle as discrete particles, similar to the settling characteristics of sand or pebbles. 85 Flocculent biomass separates in the hindered settling class of settling, with a zone of clarification moving downward as the biomass settles [3,100].…”

Section: General Characteristics Of Granules In Anaerobic Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of granulation and start‐up in the anaerobic sequencing batch reactor

Wirtz¹,

Dague²

1996

Water Environment Research

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This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI fihns the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be fi-om any type of computer printer.The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction.In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion.Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand corner and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book.Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6" x 9" black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. Table 2. Proton-reducing reactions by the acetogenic bacteria [14,27,143,168]. 23 Table 3. The methanogenic bacteria [12], 26 Table 4. Methanogenic substrates [12]. 27 Table 5. Important reactions by the methanogens [12,168]. 27 Table 6. Effects of alkali and alkaline-earth metals on anaerobic digestion [95]. 52 Table 7. Bacterial counts in granules from UASB reactors [31,33]. 91 Table 8. General composition of granules [31]. 96 Table 9. Granule chemical composition [32,33], 96 Table 10. Specific methanogenic activity of various biomass [32,87]. 99 Table 11. Substrates suitable for granule formation. 105 Table 12. Solubility products of metal salts [98]. 111 Table 13. Sucrose feed mixture. 126 Table 14. Beef extract and glucose feed mixture. 127 Table 15. Composition of the beef extract soup base. 128 Table 16. Nutrient (NPK) solution. 128 Table 17. Trace metal solution. 129 Table 18. Ames municipal water analysis. 131 Table 19. ASBR cycle time for 48 and 24-hr HRTs. 133 viii Table 20. Attachment matrices utilized for granulation enhancement. 138 Table 21. Polymer characteristics. 139 Table 22. Coagulants utilized for granulation enhancement. 139 Table 23. Operational parameters routinely tested. 141 Table 24. Reagents used in the COD test. 144 Table 25. Gas chromatography analysis setup. 158 Table 26. Elemental analysis of granules. 165 Table 27. Start-up and granulation summary. 232 Table 28. Summary of specific methanogenic activity experiments. 238 Table 29. Chemical composition of granular and initial seed biomass. 255 Table 30. COD data for the sucrose control test. 286 Table 31. Biogas data for the sucrose control test. 287 Table 32. Volatile acids data for the sucrose control test. 291 Ta...

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“…The settling properties of granules were evaluated by the fractions of granules exited under certain upflow velocities in a fractionating device ( Figure 1) (Andras et al, 1989). .…”

Section: Upflow Velocity Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simple estimation of granule size distribution and sludge bed porosity in a UASB reactor

2013

Issue 1

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Granular sludge is the key factor for an efficient operation of an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor. In order to monitor the granularity of anaerobic sludge, the determination of the granule size distribution is of vital importance. Another critical parameter for the UASB reactor performance is the sludge bed porosity. For this reason, several techniques have been proposed, however they are either tedious, imprecise or expensive and hardly applicable in full scale treatment plants. There was then the need for a simple and low cost technique. This technique involves the determination of the settling velocities of a sludge sample and of extrapolating the corresponding diameters using a mathematical algorithm. In the proposed algorithm, the granules density was calculated, the flow regime was examined and finally the granule size distribution was obtained. Some very important correlations were suggested by the experimental results. The granule density and diameter as well as the sludge bed porosity were strongly correlated with the VSS/TSS ratio.

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Test for characterizing settleability of anaerobic sludge

Abstract: The paper describes a simple, inexpensive method for evaluating settling properties of granular sludges. Test conditions, sample recovery, reproducibility, interpretation of results and applications are discussed.

Cited by 26 publications

References 8 publications

Effect of recycle on treatment of aircraft de-icing fluid in an anaerobic baffled reactors

Effect of recycle on treatment of aircraft de-icing fluid in an anaerobic baffled reactors

Enhancement of granulation and start‐up in the anaerobic sequencing batch reactor

Simple estimation of granule size distribution and sludge bed porosity in a UASB reactor

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