Terrestrial versus marine archives: biostratigraphical correlation of the Middle Pleistocene lacustrine records from central Europe and their equivalents in the deep-sea cores from the Portuguese margin

Abstract

The palaeolake from Ossówka, east ern Po land, is an un usual ex am ple of ba sin, in which sed i men ta tion lasted from the begin ning of the Holsteinian through sev eral cli ma tic os cil la tions un til the Early Saalian, i.e. over a pe riod of ~70,000 years. This pro vides us with the op por tu nity of cor re lat ing the dy nam i cally chang ing events on land with their po ten tial equiv a lents in the ma rine pro files. Alkenone-based tem per a ture re con struc tions us ing U 37 k ¢ are an un usual tool in this re spect. Nev er theless, as a re sult, we suc cess fully re late this pol len se quence to the chang ing SST (sea sur face tem per a ture) val ues in the colder phases of MIS 11. The bi par tite Ferdinandovian Inter gla cial was pre vi ously cor re lated with the up per part of the Cromerian com plex (MIS 13 and MIS 15). Hav ing at our dis posal lim its in the SST alkenone-based re cord, we clearly iden tify the strati graphic po si tion of the sec ond warm phase of MIS 15 and a small frag ment of MIS 14. In our opin ion, the Rhume Inter gla cial, iden ti fied in Ger many, should be lo cated within MIS 13. Us ing the avail able or bit ally tuned chro nol ogy, we also give a sub stan tial in put to es ti mate du ra tion of these ter res trial interglacials, in di cat ing the start ing and end ing points of their equiv a lents in the alkenone re cords.

The “missing glaciations” of the Middle Pleistocene

“…The lesson from this is that the extent and magnitude of glaciations within glacial–interglacial cycles cannot be deciphered using the marine isotope record alone. This further highlights the problems of correlating terrestrial sequences with the marine isotope record (see Gibbard and West, 2000) and is a problem not limited to just glacial records (e.g., Biñka and Marks, 2018).…”

The rank of climatic oscillations during MIS 11c (OHO and YHO) and post-interglacial cooling during MIS 11b and MIS 11a in eastern Poland

“…3). Biñka and Marks (2018) em pha size that the asynchronicity of ma rine/ice and ter res trial re cords is mainly due to the shorter course of the ma rine/ice in ter vals and the lack of detailed lo ca tion of the be gin ning and end of warmer pe ri ods within them. There fore, the be gin ning of the Hol steinian/Mazovian Inter gla cial in Cen tral Eu rope may not co in cide with the begin ning of MIS 11c in the sea zone.…”

“…How ever, di rect cor re la tion of ter res trial de pos its with marine/ice cores (e.g., Lisiecki and Raymo, 2005;Voelker et al, 2010) is not pos si ble, be cause re cords of ma rine iso topes are sim i lar to ter res trial re cords only in gen eral out line (Tzedakis et al, 1997;Biñka and Marks, 2018). Al ready Tzedakis et al (1997) stated asynchronicity be tween the be gin ning of ter restrial and ma rine re cords, be cause the pol len se quences are more sen si tive to cli ma tic changes than ox y gen iso topes in marine cores.…”