Terrestrial solar spectral modeling tools and applications for photovoltaic devices

Myers, D.; Emery, Keith; Gueymard, C.

doi:10.1109/pvsc.2002.1190943

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Developed by Gueymard, SMARTS provides direct normal, global and diffuse horizontal, and global tilted spectral irradiances for clear skies and for 2,002 wavelengths from 280 to 4,000 nm [3]. It has been shown to be as accurate as more complex models such as the U.S. Air Force's MODTRAN [4]. This work uses SMARTS Version 2.9.5.…”

Section: Spectral Mismatch Correctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of atmospheric variations on photovoltaic performance and modeling their effects for days with clear skies

Marion

2012

2012 38th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference

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Although variation in photovoltaic (PV) performance is predominantly influenced by clouds, performance variations also exist for days with clear skies with different amounts of atmospheric constituents that absorb and reflect different amounts of radiation as it passes through the Earth's atmosphere. The extent of the attenuation is determined by the mass of air and the amounts of water vapor, aerosols, and ozone that constitute the atmosphere for a particular day and location.Because these constituents selectively absorb radiation of particular wavelengths, their impact on PV performance is sensitive to the spectral response of the PV device. The impact may be assessed by calculating the spectral mismatch correction. This approach was validated using PV module performance data at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory for summer, fall, and winter days with clear skies. The standard deviations of daily efficiencies for single-crystal Si, a-Si/a-Si/a-Si:Ge, CdTe, and CIGS PV modules were reduced to 0.4% to 1.0% (relative) by correcting for spectral mismatch, temperature, and angleof-incidence effects.

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Section: Spectral Mismatch Correctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of atmospheric variations on photovoltaic performance and modeling their effects for days with clear skies

Marion

2012

2012 38th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference

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“…A more recent model, SMARTS2 (Gueymard, 1995), covering the full range of photochemically active radiation (280-800 nm) and with a spectral resolution of 1 nm, was considered to better estimate solar irradiance. SMARTS2 is available as an Excel interface (http://rredc.nrel.gov/solar/models/ SMARTS/) with 30 user-defined parameters, and provides accuracy and precision comparable to more complex, computer intensive simulations such as MODTRAN4 (Myers et al, 2002). SMARTS2 output data are available in the form of direct, diffuse and global solar irradiance at the Earth's surface (global in this case refers to irradiance integrated over the entire hemisphere of the sky and over the whole solar spectrum, not to ''whole Earth'') in photons cm À1 s À1 nm À1 .…”

Section: Solar Irradiance Within Surface Watersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Open-ocean carbon monoxide photoproduction

Stubbins

Uher

Law

et al. 2006

Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography

116

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Sunlight-initiated photolysis of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) is the dominant source of carbon monoxide (CO) in the open-ocean. A modelling study was conducted to constrain this source. Spectral solar irradiance was obtained from two models (GCSOLAR and SMARTS2). Water-column CDOM and total light absorption were modelled using spectra collected along a Meridional transect of the Atlantic ocean using a 200-cm pathlength liquid waveguide UVvisible spectrophotometer. Apparent quantum yields for the production of CO (AQY CO ) from CDOM were obtained from a parameterisation describing the relationship between CDOM light absorption coefficient and AQY CO and the CDOM spectra collected. The sensitivity of predicted rates to variations in model parameters (solar irradiance, cloud cover, surface-water reflectance, CDOM and whole water light absorbance, and AQY CO ) was assessed. The model's best estimate of open-ocean CO photoproduction was 4777 Tg CO-C yr À1 , with lower and upper limits of 38 and 84 Tg CO-C yr À1, as indicated by sensitivity analysis considering variations in AQYs, CDOM absorbance, and spectral irradiance. These results represent significant constraint of open-ocean CO photoproduction at the lower limit of previous estimates. Based on these results, and their extrapolation to total photochemical organic carbon mineralisation, we recommend a downsizing of the role of photochemistry in the open-ocean carbon cycle. r

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“…Natural and anthropogenic aerosols, water vapor, and other atmospheric gases determine the atmospheric transmission spectrum for solar radiation [ Myers et al , 2002]. SPCTRAL2 computes direct, spectrally resolved, normal‐incidence radiation, I dλ , using wavelength‐dependent transmittance functions for Rayleigh scattering, aerosol attenuation, water vapor absorption, ozone absorption, and absorption by uniformly mixed gases [ Bird and Riordan , 1986, equation (1)] as,

I_{italicdλ} = H_{0 λ} D T_{italicrλ} T_{italicaλ} T_{italicwλ} T_{italicoλ} T_{italicuλ},

where H 0 λ is ETR for a given wavelength, λ , estimated for the Earth's mean distance from the sun; D is a factor for that corrects for variation in the Earth‐Sun distance; and T r λ , T a λ , T w λ , T o λ and T u λ are wavelength‐dependent atmospheric transmittance functions for Rayleigh scattering, aerosol attenuation, and absorption by water vapor, ozone, and mixed gases, respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling clear‐sky solar radiation across a range of elevations in Hawai‘i: Comparing the use of input parameters at different temporal resolutions

2012

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[1] Estimates of clear sky global solar irradiance using the parametric model SPCTRAL2 were tested against clear sky radiation observations at four sites in Hawai'i using daily, mean monthly, and 1 year mean model parameter settings. Atmospheric parameters in SPCTRAL2 and similar models are usually set at site-specific values and are not varied to represent the effects of fluctuating humidity, aerosol amount and type, or ozone concentration, because time-dependent atmospheric parameter estimates are not available at most sites of interest. In this study, we sought to determine the added value of using time dependent as opposed to fixed model input parameter settings. At the AERONET site, Mauna Loa Observatory (MLO) on the island of Hawai'i, where daily measurements of atmospheric optical properties and hourly solar radiation observations are available, use of daily rather than 1 year mean aerosol parameter values reduced mean bias error (MBE) from 18 to 10 W m À2 and root mean square error from 25 to 17 W m À2 . At three stations in the HaleNet climate network, located at elevations of 960, 1640, and 2590 m on the island of Maui, where aerosol-related parameter settings were interpolated from observed values for AERONET sites at MLO (3397 m) and Lāna'i (20 m), and precipitable water was estimated using radiosonde-derived humidity profiles from nearby Hilo, the model performed best when using constant 1 year mean parameter values. At HaleNet Station 152, for example, MBE was 18, 10, and 8 W m À2 for daily, monthly, and 1 year mean parameters, respectively.

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Terrestrial solar spectral modeling tools and applications for photovoltaic devices

Cited by 16 publications

References 11 publications

Influence of atmospheric variations on photovoltaic performance and modeling their effects for days with clear skies

Influence of atmospheric variations on photovoltaic performance and modeling their effects for days with clear skies

Open-ocean carbon monoxide photoproduction

Modeling clear‐sky solar radiation across a range of elevations in Hawai‘i: Comparing the use of input parameters at different temporal resolutions

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