Terrestrial invertebrates along a gradient of deglaciation in Svalbard: Long-term development of soil fauna communities

Devetter, Miloslav; Háněl, Ladislav; Raschmanová, Natália; Bryndová, Michala; Schlaghamerský, Jiří

doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2020.114720

Cited by 7 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…To limit issues related to underdetection, we used statistical approaches that consider the possibility of missing rare taxa (Chazdon et al., 1998; Colwell & Coddington, 1994; Gotelli & Colwell, 2011) and verified that our results remained consistent when using metrics that account or do not account for the relative abundance of taxa (Figure S3). Despite these limitations, soil eDNA provides biodiversity estimates and patterns highly consistent with those obtained with traditional approaches (Cantera et al., 2023; Treonis et al., 2018), and the observed changes in nematode communities are generally consistent with the patterns observed by both local‐scale and meta‐analytic studies (Calderón‐Sanou et al., 2019; Devetter et al., 2021; Ji et al., 2013; Lei et al., 2015; Meyer et al., 2021; Pothula & Adams, 2022). Furthermore, the large number of analyzed chronosequences, their global distribution, and the coverage of a broad range of conditions help to smooth the impact of these limitations and reveal emergent signals with high generality (Mestre et al., 2022).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

“…Temporal patterns of nematode colonization in proglacial environments vary among studies: while some reported rapid colonization (within 3 years of glacier retreat; Lei et al., 2015), others suggested that nematode establishment may take one to several decades (Devetter et al., 2021; van Leeuwen et al., 2018). These studies analyzed different areas of the world; slow colonization was observed in subarctic regions (Devetter et al., 2021; van Leeuwen et al., 2018), whereas fast colonization was observed in a warmer region (Lei et al., 2015). Consistent with these findings, our results suggest that such disparities among studies can be attributed to key environmental features, such as climate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies on nematode colonization after glacier retreat reported a range of successional patterns, with variation among trophic groups (Pothula & Adams, 2022) and study areas. For instance, in Lei et al (2015), most of richness increase occurred during the first 50 years, while colonization required much longer time in Devetter et al (2021). Furthermore, some studies showed linear increases in diversity over time (Devetter et al, 2021), while others suggested intermediate peaks followed by plateaus or even richness declines (Doblas-Miranda et al, 2008;Lei et al, 2015;van Leeuwen et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Operating at all trophic levels, they play a crucial role in the development of ecosystems, as their diversity affects numerous ecosystem functions, including productivity, nutrient cycling, and decomposition of organic matter (Crowther et al., 2019; Delgado‐Baquerizo et al., 2020; Fontaneto, 2019; van den Hoogen et al., 2019; Zawierucha et al., 2021). Nematodes are particularly important components of soil communities in the first decades after glacier retreat (Devetter et al., 2021; Doblas‐Miranda et al., 2008; Rosero et al., 2021), probably due to their small size and resistant propagules that facilitate dispersal and colonization (Fontaneto, 2019; Ptatscheck et al., 2018). Previous studies on nematode colonization after glacier retreat reported a range of successional patterns, with variation among trophic groups (Pothula & Adams, 2022) and study areas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Local climate modulates the development of soil nematode communities after glacier retreat

Guerrieri,

Cantera,

Marta

et al. 2023

Global Change Biology

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The worldwide retreat of glaciers is causing a faster than ever increase in ice‐free areas that are leading to the emergence of new ecosystems. Understanding the dynamics of these environments is critical to predicting the consequences of climate change on mountains and at high latitudes. Climatic differences between regions of the world could modulate the emergence of biodiversity and functionality after glacier retreat, yet global tests of this hypothesis are lacking. Nematodes are the most abundant soil animals, with keystone roles in ecosystem functioning, but the lack of global‐scale studies limits our understanding of how the taxonomic and functional diversity of nematodes changes during the colonization of proglacial landscapes. We used environmental DNA metabarcoding to characterize nematode communities of 48 glacier forelands from five continents. We assessed how different facets of biodiversity change with the age of deglaciated terrains and tested the hypothesis that colonization patterns are different across forelands with different climatic conditions. Nematodes colonized ice‐free areas almost immediately. Both taxonomic and functional richness quickly increased over time, but the increase in nematode diversity was modulated by climate, so that colonization started earlier in forelands with mild summer temperatures. Colder forelands initially hosted poor communities, but the colonization rate then accelerated, eventually leveling biodiversity differences between climatic regimes in the long term. Immediately after glacier retreat, communities were dominated by colonizer taxa with short generation time and r‐ecological strategy but community composition shifted through time, with increased frequency of more persister taxa with K‐ecological strategy. These changes mostly occurred through the addition of new traits instead of their replacement during succession. The effects of local climate on nematode colonization led to heterogeneous but predictable patterns around the world that likely affect soil communities and overall ecosystem development.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Local climate modulates the development of soil nematode communities after glacier retreat

Guerrieri,

Cantera,

Marta

et al. 2023

Global Change Biology

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“…Microbial communities are important drivers of terrestrial ecosystem processes (Bradley et al, 2016). Microbes contribute to mineral weathering and decomposition of organic matter, which accelerates soil formation and facilitates the establishment of more complex soil organisms and plant communities (Bradley et al, 2016; Devetter et al, 2021; Jiang et al, 2018). The observed increase in bacterial overall OTU richness over time in glacial forefields could be due to increased plant richness and availability of organic matter (Hu et al, 2021; Liu et al, 2012; Nemergut et al, 2007; Schmidt et al, 2008; Sigler & Zeyer, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community assembly in the wake of glacial retreat: A meta‐analysis

Pothula

Adams

2022

Global Change Biology

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Ecosystems shaped by retreating glaciers provide a unique opportunity to study the order and timing of biotic colonization, and how this influences the structure of successive ecological communities. In the last century glaciers across most of the cryosphere have receded at an unprecedented pace. Many studies have been published from different parts of the world testing hypotheses about how soil ecosystems are responding to rapid, contemporary deglaciation events. To better understand and draw general conclusions about how soil ecosystems respond to deglaciation, we conducted a global meta‐analysis of 95 published articles focused on the succession of various organisms and soil physicochemical properties in glacier forefields along the chronosequence. Our global synthesis reveals that key soil properties and the abundance and richness of biota follow two conspicuous patterns: (1) some taxa demonstrate a persistent increase in abundance and richness over the entire chronosequence, (2) other taxa increase in abundance and richness during the first 50 years of succession, then gradually decline 50 years onward. The soil properties and soil organisms that are intimately tied to vegetation follow the first pattern, consistent with the idea that aboveground patterns of vegetation can drive patterns of belowground biodiversity. The second pattern may be due to an initial increase and subsequent decline in available nutrients and habitat suitability caused by increased biotic interactions, including resource competition among soil biota. A consensus view of the patterns of historical and contemporary soil ecosystem responses to deglaciation provides a better understanding of the processes that generate these patterns and informs predictions of ongoing and future responses to environmental changes.

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Tardigrade distribution in soils of high Arctic habitats

Tůmová,

Jílková,

Macek

et al. 2024

Ecology and Evolution

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Tardigrades are omnipresent microfauna with scarce record on their ecology in soils. Here, we investigated soil inhabiting tardigrade communities in five contrasting polar habitats, evaluating their abundance, diversity, species richness, and species composition. Moreover, we measured selected soil physico‐chemical properties to find the drivers of tardigrade distribution among these habitats. In spite of reported tardigrade viability in extreme conditions, glacier forelands represented a habitat almost devoid of tardigrades. Even dry and wet tundra with soil developing for over more than 10 000 years held low abundances compared to usual numbers of tardigrades in temperate habitats. Polar habitats also differ in species composition, with Diaforobiotus islandicus being typical species for dry and Hypsibius exemplaris for wet tundra. Overall, tardigrade abundance was affected by the content of nutrients as well as physical properties of soil, i.e. content of total nitrogen (TN), total organic carbon (TOC), stoniness, soil texture and the water holding capacity (WHC). While diversity and species composition were significantly related to soil physical properties such as the bulk density (BD), soil texture, stoniness, and WHC. Physical structure of environment was, therefore, an important predictor of tardigrade distribution in polar habitats. Since many studies failed to identify significant determinants of tardigrade distribution, we encourage scientists to include physical properties of tardigrade habitats as explanatory variables in their studies.

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Terrestrial invertebrates along a gradient of deglaciation in Svalbard: Long-term development of soil fauna communities

Cited by 7 publications

References 73 publications

Local climate modulates the development of soil nematode communities after glacier retreat

Local climate modulates the development of soil nematode communities after glacier retreat

Community assembly in the wake of glacial retreat: A meta‐analysis

Tardigrade distribution in soils of high Arctic habitats

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