Terrestrial Fauna from Cavities in Northern and Central Slovenia, and a Review of Systematically Ecologically Investigated Cavities

Abstract

In the years 1977-2001, the fauna of and ecological conditions in 55 cavities – caves and artificial tunnels – in northern and central Slovenia were systematically investigated. Zoogeographically, this is the meeting point of the Alpine, Pannonian and Dinaric biome. This article lists 321 terrestrial genera, 456 species and 100 subspecies belonging to 183 families, that had been recorded by 2005 in cavities of this region in the course of our own investigations, and that have been cited in the references. This taxonomical review serves as a foundation for understanding ecological and other treatise on the terrestrial fauna in the hypogean habitats of northern and central Slovenia, those that have been published ones, as well as those in preparation. The overview of the systematically investigated cavities, and the review of the methods and techniques used has been added to provide general information about the morphology of these caves, and the ecological research within them. V letih 1977-2001 smo sistematsko raziskovali kopensko favno in ekološke razmere v 55 votlinah – jamah in izkopanih rovih – severne in osrednje Slovenije. Zoogeografsko je to ozemlje na stičišču alpskega, panonskega in deloma dinarskega bioma. V članku je pregled 321 rodov, 456 vrst in 100 podvrst živali iz 183 družin, ki so bile do leta 2005 najdene v votlinah tega območja med lastnimi raziskavami ter po podatkih iz citirane literature. Taksonomski pregled je osnova in opora za razumevanje ekoloških ter drugih razprav o kopenski favni v podzemeljskih habitatih severne in osrednje Slovenije, ki so že objavljene in ki jih pripravljamo. V nadaljevanju so predstavljene votline, v katerih so potekale sistematske ekološke raziskave, ter naštete uporabljene metode in tehnike, s čimer je omogočen vpogled v morfologijo ekološko raziskanih votlin ter metode raziskovanja

Araneae Sloveniae: a national spider species checklist

“…The 21 st century began with some higher level systematics and taxonomic works that used Slovenia’s exemplars ( Agnarson 2004 ; Arnedo et al 2004 , 2009; Gregorič 2008 ; Kuntner et al 2008 ; Řezáč et al 2008a , b ; Van Helsdingen et al 2001 ; Wang et al 2010 ), but mostly continued to document the fauna through faunistic contributions ( Buchar and Dolansky 2011 ; Buchar and Thaler 2002 ; Čandek et al 2013 , 2015 ; Decae 2010 ; Fišer and Kostanjšek 2001 ; Franc 2004 ; Gorjan and Fišer 2010 ; Gregorič and Kuntner 2009 ; Kostanjšek 2000 , 2001 , 2002a , b , 2003 , 2004a , b , 2005 , 2007 , 2010 , 2011 , 2013 , 2014 ; Kostanjšek and Celestina 2008 ; Kostanjšek and Fišer 2005 ; Kostanjšek and Gorjan 2013 ; Kostanjšek and Kuntner 2002 ; Kostanjšek and Miller 2004 ; Kostanjšek and Ramšak 2005 ; Kuntner 2001 ; Kuntner and Kostanjšek 2000 ; Kuntner et al 2007 ; Neuhauser et al 1995 ; Pipan et al 2008 ; Polak et al 2012 ), ecological and behavioral studies ( Kralj-Fišer et al 2013 ; Nentwig and M. 2010 ; Novak 2005b ; Novak et al 2004 , 2010 ; Tkavc 2008 ) and zoogeographical reviews ( Blick et al 2004 ; Decae 2010 ; Deltshev 2005 ; 2008 ; Finch et al 2008 ; Knapič 2012 ; Kuntner and Šereg 2002 ; Le Peru 2011 , Řezáč et al 2014 ).…”

“…Bole et al 1980 , Brignoli 1976 , Budja 2008 , Čandek et al 2013 , Gorjan 2014 , Gregorič and Kuntner 2009 , Kostanjšek 2004a , Kuntner 1996 , 1997c , 1997d , 1999b , Kuntner and Baxter 1997 , Kuntner and Kostanjšek 2000 , Nikolić and Polenec 1981 , Novak 1981 , 2005b , Polak 1997 , Polenec 1957 , 1958 , 1959 , 1963e , 1964b , 1967b , 1970b , 1973e , 1974a , 1975a , 1975b , 1979a , 1984 , 1985 , 1986 , 1987 , 1989 , Rebeušek et al 2008…”

“…Bole et al 1980 , Brignoli 1976 , 1980 , Budja 2008 , Kostanjšek 2003 , 2004a , Kratochvíl 1934 , Kratochvíl and Miller 1940 , Kuntner 1997d , 1998 , 1999b , Kuntner and Kostanjšek 2000 , Nikolić and Polenec 1981 , Novak 1981 , 2005b , Novak and Kuštor 1982 , Polenec 1957 , 1958 , 1959 , 1960 , 1963e , 1965b , 1967b , 1969a , 1969b , 1970a , 1970b , 1971c , 1974a , 1975a , 1975b , 1976b , 1978d , 1979a , 1980b , 1981 , 1982a , 1984 , 1985 , 1986 , 1987 , 1989…”

“…Bole et al 1980 , Fage 1931 , Nikolić and Polenec 1981 , Novak 2005b , Polenec 1979a , 1989 , Tarman 2003…”

Survival of the epigean Dendrodrilus rubidus tenuis (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae) in a subterranean environment

“…Some have later been recognized as accidental individuals of epigean species (Černosvitov 1939, Pop 1968, Zicsi 1974, Dumnicka & Juberthie 1994. In central and northern Slovenia, 17 lumbricid species and one subspecies have been occasionally recorded in caves and artificial tunnels (Mršić 1990a(Mršić , 1990bNovak 2005). These are Allolobophora leoni (Michaelsen, 1891), Aporrectodea rosea (Savigny, 1826), Ap.…”