Terrestrial carbon-cycle feedback to climate warming: experimental evidence on plant regulation and impacts of biofuel feedstock harvest

Luo, Yiqi; Sherry, Rebecca A.; Zhou, Xuhui; Wan, Shiqiang

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01731.x

Cited by 60 publications

(122 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Warming effects at our study site were previously characterized by increased biomass growth and ANPP, a shift toward greater C 4 species dominance, and increased litter input Luo et al, 2009;Cheng et al, 2010). Our stable isotope analysis in this present study confirmed that the δ 13 C abundance in SOM in the warmed soils was more enriched than in the control soils (Table 3), resulting from a higher contribution of C 4 residuals.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…The soil δ 15 N values can be also used to estimate the degree of SOM decomposition and humification (Kramer et al, 2003;Liao et al, 2006;Templer et al, 2007;Marin-Spiotta et al, 2009) In Central Oklahoma USA Great Plains, a long-term, ongoing experimental warming and clipping experiment was initiated on 21 November 1999 in a tallgrass prairie (Luo et al, 2001), dominated by a mixture of C 4 grasses and a few C 3 forbs. Warming has resulted in a shift towards a more C 4 -grass dominated plant community and an increase in aboveground biomass as well as aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP) Luo et al, 2009), and hence increased litter input and altered litter quality Cheng et al, 2010). These changes provide a unique opportunity to utilize the natural abundance of δ 13 C and δ 15 N to evaluate changes in SOM dynamics after nine years of experimental warming.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soil organic matter dynamics in a North America tallgrass prairie after 9 yr of experimental warming

Cheng

Luo

et al. 2011

Biogeosciences

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Abstract. The influence of global warming on soil organic matter (SOM) dynamics in terrestrial ecosystems remains unclear. In this study, we combined soil fractionation with isotope analyses to examine SOM dynamics after nine years of experimental warming in a North America tallgrass prairie. Soil samples from the control plots and the warmed plots were separated into four aggregate sizes (>2000 µm, 250-2000 µm, 53-250 µm, and <53 µm), and three density fractions (free light fraction -LF, intra-aggregate particulate organic matter -iPOM, and mineral-associated organic matter -mSOM). All fractions were analyzed for their carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) content, and δ 13 C and δ 15 N values. Warming did not significantly effect soil aggregate distribution and stability but increased C 4 -derived C input into all fractions with the greatest in LF. Warming also stimulated decay rates of C in whole soil and all aggregate sizes. C in LF turned over faster than that in iPOM in the warmed soils. The δ 15 N values of soil fractions were more enriched in the warmed soils than those in the control, indicating that warming accelerated loss of soil N. The δ 15 N values changed from low to high, while C:N ratios changed from high to low in the order LF, iPOM, and mSOM due to increased degree of decomposition and mineral association. Overall, warming increased the input of C 4 -derived C by 11.6 %, which was offset by the accelerated loss of soil C. Our results suggest that global warming simultaneously stimulates C input via shift in species composition and decomposition of SOM, resulting in negligible net change in soil C.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil organic matter dynamics in a North America tallgrass prairie after 9 yr of experimental warming

Cheng

Luo

et al. 2011

Biogeosciences

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“…In addition, weak or strong negative correlations between CE and BE have been found Shao et al, 2014), which reflects the responses of ecosystem C cycling to climatic variations. Exploring whether such a negative correlation is common among ecosystems will be helpful in clarifying the debate on the positive feedback between C cycling and climatic change (Cox et al, 2000;Friedlingstein et al, 2006;Luo et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biotic and climatic controls on interannual variability in carbon fluxes across terrestrial ecosystems

Shao

Zhou

Luo

et al. 2015

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology

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a b s t r a c tInterannual variability (IAV, represented by standard deviation) in net ecosystem exchange of CO 2 (NEE) is mainly driven by climatic drivers and biotic variations (i.e., the changes in photosynthetic and respiratory responses to climate), the effects of which are referred to as climatic (CE) and biotic effects (BE), respectively. Evaluating the relative contributions of CE and BE to the IAV in carbon (C) fluxes and understanding their controlling mechanisms are critical in projecting ecosystem changes in the future climate. In this study, we applied statistical methods with flux data from 65 sites located in the Northern Hemisphere to address this issue. Our results showed that the relative contribution of BE (CnBE) and CE (CnCE) to the IAV in NEE was 57% ± 14% and 43% ± 14%, respectively. The discrepancy in the CnBE among sites could be largely explained by water balance index (WBI). Across water-stressed ecosystems, the CnBE decreased with increasing aridity (slope = 0.18% mm −1 ). In addition, the CnBE tended to increase and the uncertainty reduced as timespan of available data increased from 5 to 15 years. Inter-site variation of the IAV in NEE mainly resulted from the IAV in BE (72%) compared to that in CE (37%). Interestingly, positive correlations between BE and CE occurred in grasslands and dry ecosystems (r > 0.45, P < 0.05) but not in other ecosystems. These results highlighted the importance of BE in determining the IAV in NEE and the ability of ecosystems to regulate C fluxes under climate change might decline when the ecosystems experience more severe water stress in the future.

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“…With the unprecedented magnitude of global temperature rising associated with anthropogenic activities since industrial revolution, it is of great concern how the terrestrial biosphere responds and feeds back to climate change, especially through carbon (C) cycling (Luo et al, 2009). In the past decades, findings from temperature manipulation experiments have greatly improved our understanding of the impacts of climate warming on terrestrial C cycling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of diurnal warming on soil respiration are not equal to the summed effects of day and night warming in a temperate steppe

et al. 2009

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Abstract. The magnitude of daily minimum temperature increase is greater than that of daily maximum temperature increase under climate warming. This study was conducted to examine whether changes in soil respiration under diurnal warming are equal to the summed changes under day and night warming in a temperate steppe in northern China. A full factorial design with day and night warming was used in this study, including control, day (06:00 a.m.-06:00 p.m., local time) warming, night (06:00 p.m.-06:00 a.m.) warming, and diurnal warming. Day warming showed no effect on soil respiration, whereas night warming significantly increased soil respiration by 7.1% over the 3 growing seasons in 2006-2008. The insignificant effect of day warming on soil respiration could be attributable to the offset of the direct positive effects of increased temperature by the indirect negative effects via aggravating water limitation and suppressing ecosystem C assimilation. The positive effects of night warming on soil respiration were largely due to the stimulation of ecosystem C uptake and substrate supply via overcompensation of plant photosynthesis. Changes in both soil respiration (+20.7 g C m −2 y −1 ) and GEP (−2.8 g C m −2 y −1 ) under diurnal warming are smaller than their summed changes (+40.0 and +24.6 g C m −2 y −1 , respectively) under day and night warming. Our findings that the effects of diurnal warming on soil respiration and gross ecosystem productivity are not equal to the summed effects of day and night warming are critical for model simulation and projection of climatecarbon feedback.

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Terrestrial carbon-cycle feedback to climate warming: experimental evidence on plant regulation and impacts of biofuel feedstock harvest

Cited by 60 publications

References 34 publications

Soil organic matter dynamics in a North America tallgrass prairie after 9 yr of experimental warming

Soil organic matter dynamics in a North America tallgrass prairie after 9 yr of experimental warming

Biotic and climatic controls on interannual variability in carbon fluxes across terrestrial ecosystems

Effects of diurnal warming on soil respiration are not equal to the summed effects of day and night warming in a temperate steppe

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