2018
DOI: 10.3201/eid2412.180382
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Terrestrial Bird Migration and West Nile Virus Circulation, United States

Abstract: Host migration and emerging pathogens are strongly associated, especially with regard to zoonotic diseases. West Nile virus (WNV), a mosquitoborne pathogen capable of causing severe, sometimes fatal, neuroinvasive disease in humans, is maintained in highly mobile avian hosts. Using phylogeographic approaches, we investigated the relationship between WNV circulation in the United States and the flight paths of terrestrial birds. We demonstrated southward migration of WNV in the eastern flyway and northward migr… Show more

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Cited by 23 publications
(33 citation statements)
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“…When testing the impact of flyways on the five different subsets of lineages, we reach the same result of no preferential circulation within flyways. This overall result contrasts with previously reported phylogenetic clustering by flyways 31,42 . However, the clustering analysis of Di Giallonardo et al 31 was based on a discrete phylogeographic analysis and, as recognised by the authors, it is difficult to distinguish the effect of these flyways from those of geographic distance.…”
Section: Discussioncontrasting
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…When testing the impact of flyways on the five different subsets of lineages, we reach the same result of no preferential circulation within flyways. This overall result contrasts with previously reported phylogenetic clustering by flyways 31,42 . However, the clustering analysis of Di Giallonardo et al 31 was based on a discrete phylogeographic analysis and, as recognised by the authors, it is difficult to distinguish the effect of these flyways from those of geographic distance.…”
Section: Discussioncontrasting
confidence: 99%
“…However, the absence of clear within flyway clustering of viral lineages could also arise when different avian migration routes intersect at southern connections. If local WNV transmission occurs at these locations, viruses could travel along different flyways when the birds make their return northward migration, as proposed by Swetnam et al 42 . While this scenario is possible, there is insufficient data to formally investigate with our approaches.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The migratory behavior of raptors may provide a significant contribution to long- (intercontinental) and short- (neighboring countries) distance movement of the virus. Recently, a study was able to demonstrate the relationship between WNV L1 circulation in the US and the flight pathways of terrestrial birds [ 124 ]. Moreover, during the WNV epidemic that occurred in Europe in 2018, phylogenetic analysis identified identical viruses from Spain and Austria, and viral strains isolated in Germany were reported to be descended from WNV strains isolated in the Czech Republic, suggesting that migratory birds may have been involved in the spatial spread of the virus.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Rising temperatures also affect the spread of infectious diseases, e.g., West Nile Virus recorded in new niches as consequence of changes in the mosquito's lifecycle and distribution range [116]. Likewise, the migration behavior of wild birds (amplifying hosts of, e.g., West Nile Virus and Borrelia burgdorferi) is changing, which leads to the emergence of new infection centers [120][121][122][123]. De la Roque et al (2008) stressed that extreme weather conditions are of greater concern in the transmission of infectious diseases [117].…”
Section: Climate Changementioning
confidence: 99%