Terraces of the Hurunui River, New Zealand

Powers, William E.

doi:10.1080/00288306.1962.10420113

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 4 publications

(5 reference statements)

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“…to those described by Powers (1962) on the younger Hurunui terraces, and by McKellar (1960) on the Hawea outwash south of Lake Wanaka. The Tekapo terrace surfaces exhibit highly braided paleochannel patterns, similar to those of the Mt John outwash.…”

Section: Nature Of the Preserved Channel Patternsupporting

confidence: 54%

Differentiation of late Pleistocene terrace outwash deposits using geomorphic criteria: Tekapo valley, South Island, New Zealand

Maizels

1989

New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics

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This papcrreassesses the geological interpretation of outwash deposits of different ages based on new data on terrace elevation and gradient, loess thickness, preserved paleochannel networks, and specific gravity of clasts of outwash deposits in the Tekapo valley, South Island. The results have shown no significant difference in these measures between the Wolds andPattersons Terrace deposit, suggesting that they both represent the oldest, highest, steepest, most weathered, and most modified formation in the Tekapo valley. Significant differences have emerged between the Wolds/ Pattersons Terrace Formation and the lower Balmoral Formation, which exhibits a thinner loess cover, higher specific gravity values, and a distinctive dendritic drainage network.The Balmoral Formation is significantly differentiated from the Mt John Formation, which has little loess cover and is traversed by complex braided paleochannel networks. The measures adopted do not discriminate between the Mt John and Tekapo Formations, although loess cover is thinner on the latter. The combined use of these measures of landform, paleochannel pattern, and clast characteristics, has proved a valuable objective means of discriminating between glaciofluvial terrace outwash deposits.

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Section: Nature Of the Preserved Channel Patternsupporting

confidence: 54%

Differentiation of late Pleistocene terrace outwash deposits using geomorphic criteria: Tekapo valley, South Island, New Zealand

Maizels

1989

New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics

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“…During late Quaternary cold climate periods, the valley was occupied by glaciers that largely covered the Southern Alps, and that locally terminated down valley of Lake Sumner during the Last Glacial Maximum (Fig. 2) (Powers, 1962;Suggate, 1965;Barrell, 2011). Side valley and hanging valley geomorphology is typical of the upper Hurunui valley, e.g., the valleys of McKenzie and Landslip Streams (Fig.…”

Section: Late Quaternary Geology Of the Upper Hurunui Valleymentioning

confidence: 99%

Timing of late Holocene paleoearthquakes on the Hurunui segment of the Hope fault: Implications for plate boundary strain release through South Island, New Zealand

Langridge

Almond

Duncan

2013

Geological Society of America Bulletin

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The Hurunui segment of the dextral-slip Hope fault extends for ~42 km between the Hope and Hurunui River catchments and westward to Harper Pass at the Main Divide of South Island. We conducted paleo seismic, soil, and landscape dating studies in the upper Hurunui valley to determine the timing of past earthquake ruptures along this geometric fault segment. On a late Holo cene alluvial surface at Matagouri Flat, a young channel system is displaced dextrally by ~4.5 ± 0.6 m, which is attributed to the most recent faulting event. A trench and soil pits excavated nearby yield evidence for the timing of the last two surface-faulting events. These events, dated from a combination of radiocarbon dates, relative soil, tree, and historical constraints, modifi ed within an OxCal analysis, occurred at ca. A.D. 1655-1835 and 1425-1625. The occurrence of two rupture events during the last ~600 yr is consistent with previous estimates stating a short recurrence interval for the Hurunui segment. The most recent faulting event in our trenches predates the historic 1888 North Canterbury (Amuri) earthquake, which ruptured the Hope River segment to the east. A comparison of the record from the Hurunui segment with paleoseismic records from other segments along the Hope fault zone indicates evidence for two or three rupture events within the last 700-900 yr. Within the age resolution of the current dates, the data suggest that along-strike rupture occurred along the majority of the Hope fault zone between 120 and 360 yr ago (i. e., A.D. 1650-1888), and may all postdate the most recent rupture of the Alpine fault in ca. A.D. 1717. In addition, the timings of penultimate faulting events along the Hurunui, Hope River, and Conway segments and the Hanmer fault all fall in the range ~400-700 yr ago. These preliminary observations indicate that rupture of segments of the Hope fault, and indeed the Alpine fault, could occur as clusters that are years to decades apart. Rupture of the major plate boundary faults in the northern South Island may therefore occur in sequences that are enhanced, or even retarded, by stress triggering and fault interactions.

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“…Terraces preserved in these catchments ( Fig. 1) record the response of rivers to changes in external controls such as climate (e.g., Vella 1963;Fair 1968;Soons & Gullentops 1972;Milne 1973;McGlone et al 1978;Grant 1985;Stevens & Palmer 1986;Vella et al 1988;Palmer et al 1989;Marden & Neall 1990;Warnes 1992;Vucetich et al 1996;Hammond 1997;Berryman et al 2000;Eden et al 2001; sea-/ baselevel change (e.g., Litchfield 2003;Litchfield & Berryman 2005), volcanic activity (e.g., Schofield 1965;Manville et al 1999;Manville 2002;Segschneider et al 2002a,b;Manville & Wilson 2004;Manville et al 2005), and tectonics (e.g., Powers 1962;Pullar & Penhale 1970;Smith & Lee 1984;Wilson 1985;Bull & Knuepfer 1987;Eden 1989;Bull 1991;Leckie 1994;Nicol & Campbell 2001;Browne & Naish 2003;Campbell et al 2003). There has perhaps been a tendency to emphasise the role of climate in controlling river behaviour, following a large body of work from the Northern Hemisphere (e.g., Knox 1983;Starkel 1983Starkel , 2003Vandenberghe 1995;…”

Section: G06033; Online Publication Date 24mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This paper seeks to address the gap in the literature by providing a review of river system dynamics over this important time frame and facilitates comparison between river dynamics in the last glacial and Holocene. April 2007Received 20 October 2006accepted 30March 2007 The majority of research assessing the response of river systems to environmental change in New Zealand has taken place at the discrete river or catchment scale (e.g., Powers 1962;Schofield 1965;Fair 1968;Pullar & Penhale 1970;Soons & Gullentops 1972;Smith & Lee 1984;Bull & Knuepfer 1987;Vella et al 1988;Eden 1989;Bull 1991;Warnes 1992;Berryman et al 2000;Nicol & Campbell 2001). This localised approach has been supplemented recently with a more regional emphasis, especially in the eastern North Island (e.g., Litchfield 2003;Litchfield & Berryman 2005;Litchfield & Rieser 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluvial responses to environmental change in the North Island, New Zealand, during the past c. 30 ka recorded in river terrace sequences: A review and model for river behaviour

Clement

Fuller²

2007

New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics

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This paper presents a systematic review and correlation of river terraces identified in 44 river catchments in the North Island, New Zealand, to assess river behaviour over the last c. 30 000 yr. This provides a comprehensive foundation from which to assess controls on river dynamics over this critical period of landscape development from the last glacial through to the present interglacial. From this review, an integrated framework for elucidating fluvial responses to environmental change is proposed. Sensitivity of river systems to climate change is variable over this timescale. Substantial sediment inputs to valley floors during the last glacial reduced sensitivity to subtle climatic shifts. Sensitivity increased during the Holocene, with terraces forming in response to episodes of storminess. Tectonics and volcanic activity may both override climatic forcing to cause either cutting or filling of the valley floor.

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Terraces of the Hurunui River, New Zealand

Cited by 14 publications

References 4 publications

Differentiation of late Pleistocene terrace outwash deposits using geomorphic criteria: Tekapo valley, South Island, New Zealand

Differentiation of late Pleistocene terrace outwash deposits using geomorphic criteria: Tekapo valley, South Island, New Zealand

Timing of late Holocene paleoearthquakes on the Hurunui segment of the Hope fault: Implications for plate boundary strain release through South Island, New Zealand

Fluvial responses to environmental change in the North Island, New Zealand, during the past c. 30 ka recorded in river terrace sequences: A review and model for river behaviour

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