Terpenoids from Endophytic Fungi

Abstract

This work reviews the production of terpenoids by endophytic fungi and their biological activities, in period of 2006 to 2010. Sixty five sesquiterpenes, 45 diterpenes, five meroterpenes and 12 other terpenes, amounting to 127 terpenoids were isolated from endophytic fungi.

Botryane, noreudesmane and abietane terpenoids from the ascomycete Hypoxylon rickii

“…These results, along with the findings of the current study, demonstrate that a plethora of novel beneficial metabolites remains to be discovered from the Xylariales and in particular the Xylariaceae. Even manifold terpenoids have recently been discovered from endophytic fungi (de Souza et al, 2011), and the genus Hypoxylon, of which most species are suspected to have an endophytic stage in their life cycle, may also prove to be an additional rich source of such compounds. …”

Identification of New Lactone Derivatives Isolated from Trichoderma sp., An Endophytic Fungus of Brotowali (Tinaspora crispa)

“…Endophytic microorganisms are bacteria or fungi that live inside plant tissues at any moment of their life cycle, without causing damage or disease symptoms to their hosts (deSouza et al 2011;Sunkar & Nachiyar 2011). They have been found in every plant species examined to date and recognized as the potential products for exploitation in medicine, agriculture and industry.…”

NEW PYRAN OF AN ENDOPHYTIC FUNGUS <i>Fusarium</i> sp. ISOLATED FROM THE LEAVES OF BROTOWALI (<i>Tinaspora crispa</i>)

“…In the last decade, the exploration of secondary metabolites from endophytic fungi have proven that endophytes are a source of new compounds that have unique structures and a variety of biological activity such as anticancer, antimicrobial and other activities. The new compounds was potentially useful for human medicine, industrial, and agrochemical [1][2].…”

“…There is speculation among the researchers about their nature of association in plants, as most Fusarium species are commonly encountered in soil as saprophytes, pathogens and are also associated with serious invasive mycoses in immunocompromised patients [2,12]. Bashyal et al (2010) found tricinonoic acid and tricindiol, two irregular sesquiterpenes from an endophytic strain of Fusarium tricinctum, a fungus endophytic in the root tissue of the Sonoran desert plant, Rumex hymenosepalus [13].…”

“…The selection of the host plant is important factor for the production of endophytic fungi and the isolation of their bioactive secondary metabolites [2]. The strategi of plant selection to be a promising source of novel endophytes and their compound mainly on the basis of their unique environmental setting, ethnobotanical history (use by indigenous peoples), endemic, unusual longevity, and growing in areas of great biodiversity [3].…”