Terpenoid Esters Are the Major Constituents From Leaf Lipid Droplets of Camellia sinensis

Zhou, Xin; Chen, Xiaobing; Du, Zhenghua; Zhang, Yi; Zhang, Wenjing; Kong, Xiangrui; Thelen, Jay J.; Chen, Changsong; Chen, Mingjie

doi:10.3389/fpls.2019.00179

Cited by 15 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Zhu et al (2018) found that the cuticle from the mature tea leaves is dominated by triterpenoids and sterols which are absent from that of the tender tea leaves. Zhou et al (2019) also reported that triterpenoid ester content increased with leaf maturation. It is worth noting that the triterpenoid distribution pattern is in sharp contrast with caffeine, which is higher from the tender leaves than that of mature leaves (Ashihara et al, 2008).…”

Section: The Roles Of Tea Leaf Cuticle In Biotic Stressesmentioning

confidence: 88%

The Tea Plant Leaf Cuticle: From Plant Protection to Tea Quality

Chen

2021

Front. Plant Sci.

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Camellia sinensis (tea tree) is a perennial evergreen woody crop that has been planted in more than 50 countries worldwide; its leaves are harvested to make tea, which is one of the most popular nonalcoholic beverages. The cuticle is the major transpiration barrier to restrict nonstomatal water loss and it affects the drought tolerance of tea plants. The cuticle may also provide molecular cues for the interaction with herbivores and pathogens. The tea-making process almost always includes a postharvest withering treatment to reduce leaf water content, and many studies have demonstrated that withering treatment-induced metabolite transformation is essential to shape the quality of the tea made. Tea leaf cuticle is expected to affect its withering properties and the dynamics of postharvest metabolome remodeling. In addition, it has long been speculated that the cuticle may contribute to the aroma quality of tea. However, concrete experimental evidence is lacking to prove or refute this hypothesis. Even though its relevance to the abiotic and biotic stress tolerance and postharvest processing properties of tea tree, tea cuticle has long been neglected. Recently, there are several studies on the tea cuticle regarding its structure, wax composition, transpiration barrier organization, environmental stresses-induced wax modification, and structure–function relations. This review is devoted to tea cuticle, the recent research progresses were summarized and unresolved questions and future research directions were also discussed.

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Section: The Roles Of Tea Leaf Cuticle In Biotic Stressesmentioning

confidence: 88%

The Tea Plant Leaf Cuticle: From Plant Protection to Tea Quality

Chen

2021

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…Lipid droplets were stained with TopFluor ® cholesterol essentially as described in Zhou et al. (2019) .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of impaired steryl ester biosynthesis on tomato growth and developmental processes

Burciaga-Monge

López-Tubau²,

Laibach³

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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Steryl esters (SE) are stored in cytoplasmic lipid droplets and serve as a reservoir of sterols that helps to maintain free sterols (FS) homeostasis in cell membranes throughout plant growth and development, and provides the FS needed to meet the high demand of these key plasma membrane components during rapid plant organ growth and expansion. SE are also involved in the recycling of sterols and fatty acids released from membranes during plant tissues senescence. SE are synthesized by sterol acyltransferases, which catalyze the transfer of long-chain fatty acid groups to the hydroxyl group at C3 position of FS. Depending on the donor substrate, these enzymes are called acyl-CoA:sterol acyltransferases (ASAT), when the substrate is a long-chain acyl-CoA, and phospholipid:sterol acyltransferases (PSAT), which use a phospholipid as a donor substrate. We have recently identified and preliminary characterized the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum cv. Micro-Tom) SlASAT1 and SlPSAT1 enzymes. To gain further insight into the biological role of these enzymes and SE biosynthesis in tomato, we generated and characterized CRISPR/Cas9 single knock-out mutants lacking SlPSAT1 (slpsat1) and SlASAT1 (slasat1), as well as the double mutant slpsat1 x slasat1. Analysis of FS and SE profiles in seeds and leaves of the single and double mutants revealed a strong depletion of SE in slpsat1, that was even more pronounced in the slpsat1 x slasat1 mutant, while an increase of SE levels was observed in slasat1. Moreover, SlPSAT1 and SlASAT1 inactivation affected in different ways several important cellular and physiological processes, like leaf lipid bo1dies formation, seed germination speed, leaf senescence, and the plant size. Altogether, our results indicate that SlPSAT1 has a predominant role in tomato SE biosynthesis while SlASAT1 would mainly regulate the flux of the sterol pathway. It is also worth to mention that some of the metabolic and physiological responses in the tomato mutants lacking functional SlPSAT1 or SlASAT1 are different from those previously reported in Arabidopsis, being remarkable the synergistic effect of SlASAT1 inactivation in the absence of a functional SlPSAT1 on the early germination and premature senescence phenotypes.

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“…In addition, AAs, flavonoids, phenolic acids, purine alkaloids, catechins, and caffeine are highly related to green tea [ 17 , 18 , 19 ], it is unclear whether other types of compounds exist in XYMJ green tea. Chen et al demonstrated that steroids and triterpenes are the main compounds present in tea leaves [ 20 ]. Until now, the contents of AAs contributing to quality characteristics in XYMJ related to tea growth and material foundation are still uncertain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Variation of Amino Acid Contents and Identification of Sterols in Xinyang Mao Jian Green Tea

Sun

Yang²,

Hou³

et al. 2022

Molecules

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As important biomolecules in Camellia sinensis L., amino acids (AAs) are considered to contribute to the overall green tea sensory quality and undergo dynamic changes during growth. However, limited by analytical capacity, detailed AAs composition in different growth stages remains unclear. To address this question, we analyzed the dynamic changes of 23 AAs during leaf growth in Xinyang Mao Jian (XYMJ) green tea. Using amino acid analyzer, we demonstrated that most AAs are abundant on Pure Brightness Day and Grain Rain Day. After Grain Rain, 23 AAs decreased significantly. Further analysis shows that theanine has a high level on the day before Spring Equinox and Grain Rain, accounting for 44–61% of the total free AAs content in tea leaves. Glu, Pro, and Asp are the second most abundant AAs. Additionally, spinasterol and 22,23-dihydrospinasterol are first purified and identified in ethanol extract of XYMJ by silica gel column chromatography method. This study reveals the relationship between plucking days and the dynamic changes of AAs during the growth stage and proves the rationality of the traditional plucking days of XYMJ green tea.

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Terpenoid Esters Are the Major Constituents From Leaf Lipid Droplets of Camellia sinensis

Cited by 15 publications

References 56 publications

The Tea Plant Leaf Cuticle: From Plant Protection to Tea Quality

The Tea Plant Leaf Cuticle: From Plant Protection to Tea Quality

Effects of impaired steryl ester biosynthesis on tomato growth and developmental processes

Dynamic Variation of Amino Acid Contents and Identification of Sterols in Xinyang Mao Jian Green Tea

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