Ternary Heterojunction Graphitic Carbon Nitride/Cupric Sulfide/Titanium Dioxide Photoelectrochemical Sensor for Sesamol Quantification and Antioxidant Synergism

Abstract

Sesamol (SM) is a potent natural antioxidant that can quench free radicals and modulate the cholinergic system in the brain, thereby ameliorating memory and cognitive impairment in Alzheimer’s disease patients. Moreover, the total antioxidant capacity can be amplified by synergistic interactions between different antioxidants. Here, we constructed a ternary heterojunction graphitic carbon nitride/cupric sulfide/titanium dioxide (g-C3N4/CuS/TiO2) photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensor for the quantification of SM and its synergistic interactions with other antioxidants. Crucially, the Schottky barrier in ternary semiconductors considerably enhances electron transfer. The PEC sensor showed a wide linear range for SM detection, ranging from 2 to 1277 μmol L−1, and had a limit of detection of 1.8 μmol L−1. Remarkably, this sensing platform could evaluate the synergism between SM and five typical lipid-soluble antioxidants: tert-butyl hydroquinone, vitamin E, butyl hydroxyanisole, propyl gallate, and butylated hydroxytoluene. Owing to its low redox potential, SM could reduce antioxidant radicals and promote their regeneration, which increased the overall antioxidant performance. The g-C3N4/CuS/TiO2 PEC sensor exhibited high sensitivity, satisfactory selectivity, and stability, and was successfully applied for SM determination in both soybean and peanut oils. The findings of this study provide guidance for the development of nutritional foods, nutrition analysis, and the treatment of diseases caused by free radicals.

Construction of a Novel Semiautomated Electrochemical Sensor Array Platform and Its Application in Multiplexed Monitoring of Antibiotic Therapy

“…Although these methods have the advantages of excellent selectivity, high sensitivity, and reliability, they suffer from drawbacks like tedious operation, expensive instruments, and time-consuming testing . Therefore, there is an urgent need for an analytical method that is easy, cheap, fast, and reliable. − Electrochemical sensing technology is characterized by simple equipment, convenient operation, and short response time, − and there are already some commercialized products based on electrochemical strategy in medical diagnostics, such as Roche blood gas analyzer, Abbott instantaneous blood glucometer, and blood ketone test strips . As the core element of electrochemical sensors, electrodes greatly affect or determine the performance of the fabricated sensors.…”