Ternary Electrochemiluminescence System Based on Rubrene Microrods as Luminophore and Pt Nanomaterials as Coreaction Accelerator for Ultrasensitive Detection of MicroRNA from Cancer Cells

Abstract

As the only endogenous coreactant in the electrochemiluminescence (ECL) system, the dissolved O was the ideal candidate due to the mild reaction and easy operation, but compared to SO, the dissolved O with weaker redox activity suffers from the poor enhancement effect of the luminophore, which restricted the further application in bioanalysis. Here, a high-intense ECL signal was gained by the employing of Pt nanomaterials as a coreaction accelerator to generate more of the intermediate of dissolved O to promote the coreaction efficiency. On the basis of a new ternary ECL system of Pt nanomaterials as the coreaction accelerator, dissolved O as the coreactant, and a neotype rubrene microrods as the luminophore, an efficient "on-off-on" solid-state ECL switch platfrom was designed for ultrasensitive microRNA (miRNA) detection with a background reduction strategy of ferrocene-labeled single-stranded DNA (Fc-DNA) as a quencher. In the presence of miRNA 141, the Pt nanoparticles labeled hairpin (HP1/PtNPs) was opened to produce plenty of Pt nanoparticles labeled output DNA (S1/PtNPs) and release the miRNA-141 to participate in the next cycle. Then, the S1/PtNPs were captured on the surface of the electrode by the complementary strand to obtain the super "signal on" state with extremely high ECL signal. This novel solid-state ECL platform exhibited excellent sensitivity from 10 aM to 100 pM with a detection limit of 2.1 aM, which provided a new approach for ultrasensitive ECL bioanalysis.

Three-Dimensional Cadmium Telluride Quantum Dots–DNA Nanoreticulation as a Highly Efficient Electrochemiluminescent Emitter for Ultrasensitive Detection of MicroRNA from Cancer Cells

“…Electrochemiluminescence (ECL), presently, is widely reported in clinical laboratory diagnosis, , food safety supervision, environmental pollution monitoring, cell imaging, and the biosensing field due to the high sensitivity, facile controllability, and simplified optical equipment. , To further boost the sensitivity of an ECL sensor, nanomaterials , as a signal amplification strategy played an increasingly important role for their excellent functions, for instance, luminophore load, biomolecules immobilization, interface modification, and enzyme simulation, which have been extensively applied to construct ECL biosensors. Since Bard’s group reported the first ECL study on quantum dots (QDs), miscellaneous nanomaterials were extensively applied as ECL emitters. − Although these nanomaterials have the advantages of excellent immobilization capacity, the dense nanomaterials caused a serious inner filter effect to reduce the ECL efficiency.…”

Silver Ions as Novel Coreaction Accelerator for Remarkably Enhanced Electrochemiluminescence in a PTCA–S2O82– System and Its Application in an Ultrasensitive Assay for Mercury Ions

“…Specifically, the coreaction accelerator could interact with coreactant instead of the luminophore to generate more reactive intermediate states, which would improve the ERR of the luminophore and coreactant, thereby generating a tremendous amount of excited-state luminophores and emitting a strong ECL signal. Considering that the coreaction accelerator indeed improved the ECL intensity of a binary system though the interaction with the coreactant, it is important to improve the utilization efficiency of the coreaction accelerator and investigate the interaction mechanism in the ternary system. , …”

Ultrasensitive Electrochemiluminescent Sensor for MicroRNA with Multinary Zn–Ag–In–S/ZnS Nanocrystals as Tags

“…ZAIS/ZnS NCs were consequently utilized as ECL tags for determining miRNA in the following section. 39,40 Characterizations of the ECL Biosensor. Fabrication procedure of the ECL sensor was conducted according to Scheme 1, and steeply examined with Fe(CN) 6 3− /Fe(CN) 6 4− redox couple in PB (Figure 3A).…”