Termitomyces Species from Tanzania, Their Cultural Properties and Unequalled Basidiospores

Tibuhwa, Donatha Damian

doi:10.5296/jbls.v3i1.1723

Cited by 37 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Macromorphological characteristics of sporocarps were studied on the sampling site and representative samples were collected in sterile polythene bags to transfer to the laboratory. Micormorphological features were evaluated using high-power microscope (Nikon YS100, Japan) and identified using diagnostic keys (Pegler 1990; Jordan 2004; Phillips 2006; Cannon & Kirk 2007; Mohanan 2011; Buczacki 2012; Tibuhwa 2012; Karun and Sridhar 2013, 2014b). Selected macrofungi were blotted and preserved in a fixative (water–ethanol–formaldehyde: 14:5:1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of fire on the macrofungal diversity in scrub jungles of south-west India

et al. 2016

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Fortnightly survey in control and fire-impacted regions of scrub jungle of south-west coast of India during south-west monsoon (50 m2 quadrats up to 10 weeks) yielded 34 and 25 species of macrofungi, respectively. The species as well as sporocarp richness were the highest during the fourth week, while the diversity attained the highest during the second week in control region. In fire-impacted region, the species and sporocarp richness and diversity peaked at sixth week. Seven species common to both regions were Chlorophyllum molybdites, Lepiota sp., Leucocoprinus birnbaumii, Marasmius sp. 3, Polyporus sp., Schizophyllum commune and Tetrapyrgos nigripes. The overall sporocarp richness was higher in fire-impacted than in control region. The Jaccard’s similarity between regions was 13.5%, while fortnights of regions ranged from 0% (10th week) to 11.7% (eighth week). Control region showed single-species dominance by Xylaria hypoxylon, while multispecies dominance by Cyathus striatus and Lentinus squarrosulus in fire-impacted region. Except for air temperature, nine abiotic factors significantly differed between control and fire-impacted regions. The Pearson correlation was positive between species richness and phosphorus content in fire-impacted region (r = 0.696), while sporocarp richness was negatively correlated with pH in control region (r = −0.640). Economically viable species were 12 and 10 without overlap in control and fire-impacted regions, respectively.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of fire on the macrofungal diversity in scrub jungles of south-west India

et al. 2016

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“…Traditionally, these species are known to be most popular and highly prized edible mushrooms in Asia and Africa. Taxonomists have reported dark pigmentation in fruitbodies especially in organs like hypogeal pseudorrhiza and epigeal smooth or pointed umbo exhibiting brownish to greyish-black colouration, without commenting on chemical nature and role of such dark pigmentation, thus leaving the issue of its chemical identification and characterisation open (Otieno 1968; Pegler and Rayner 1969, 1969; Natarajan 1979; Van Der Westhuizen and Eicker 1990; Pegler and Vanhaecke 1994; Abdullah and Rusea 2009; De Kesel 2011; Srivastava et al 2011; Tibuhwa 2012; Karun and Sridhar 2013; Aryal et al 2016). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Purification and characterisation of a sulphur rich melanin from edible mushroom Termitomyces albuminosus Heim

2018

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Production, purification and characterisation of a black pigment from Termitomyces albuminosus as melanin is reported, for the first time, from shaken submerged culture condition using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), elemental analysis, ultraviolet–visible (UV-VIS), and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and 13C (CP/MAS) NMR spectra. SEM results on T. albuminosus revealed nanogranular nature of melanin nanoparticles within size range of 400–100 nm with fractal dimension D = 1.195–1.73. Elemental analysis of melanin indicated 54.6% C, 3.5% H, 2.4% N, 26.9% O, and 12% S. UV-VIS and FTIR spectra confirmed to the characteristic of melanin and were identical to the reference commercial sepia melanin. Further validation of the identity of pigment as melanin was achieved by EPR analysis. Termitomyces albuminosus melanin is postulated to be DOPA-type melanin confirmed by 13C (CP/MAS) NMR spectral analysis showing chemical shift at 200–170 ppm carbonyl, 160–110 ppm aromatic region, and with high 40–30 ppm open chain aliphatic region. Chemical modification through oxidation and cysteinylation (Pheomelanin) is implied as indicated by relatively high sulphur content (12%).

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“…All collected samples were subjected to domestication trials. Tissue culture: Culture for domestication of SWEM was prepared as described by Tibuhwa (2012). It involved cleaning of collected fresh fruit bodies from the field by thoroughly pre-washing in water, and then wiped clean with a damp paper towel to remove dirty and damaged external tissues.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Successful domestication of <i>Lentinus sajor-caju</i> from an indigenous forest in Tanzania

Hussein¹,

Tibuhwa²,

Mshandete³

et al. 2017

J. App. Bioscience.

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Objective: Indigenous forests in Tanzania provide a good environment for saprophytic wild edible mushrooms (SWEM) to grow. In rural areas, mushroom eaters rely on seasonal collection of wild edible mushrooms during the rain seasons, which make them unreliable source of nutrients during dry seasons. The study aims to identify and domesticate SWEM so that it is available throughout the year. Methodology and results: Eight types of SWEM were identified, collected; their germplasm isolated and experimented for domestication their biological efficiency. Three species out of eight were successfully isolated and included Pluteus umbrosus, Lentinus sajor-caju and Panus conchatus. Of the three isolates, only one species L. sajor-caju was successfully domesticated and formed fruit bodies at 18% biological efficiency. Furthermore, results on vegetative growth on mixed substrates of dried banana (70%) and wood shred (30%) administered at different inoculation rates of 1%, 3% and 5% in glass columns revealed different colonization rates with the highest record of 24.94±0.38 mm/day at 3% spawn inoculation with P. conchatus. Conclusion and application of results: The successful domestication of L. sajor-caju shows the potential of SWEM being cultivated and is a stepping-stone towards more domestication of indigenous mushroom species. More studies on optimizing its growth parameter are recommended for growing and introduction to mushroom growing industry.

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Termitomyces Species from Tanzania, Their Cultural Properties and Unequalled Basidiospores

Cited by 37 publications

References 23 publications

Impact of fire on the macrofungal diversity in scrub jungles of south-west India

Impact of fire on the macrofungal diversity in scrub jungles of south-west India

Purification and characterisation of a sulphur rich melanin from edible mushroom Termitomyces albuminosus Heim

Successful domestication of <i>Lentinus sajor-caju</i> from an indigenous forest in Tanzania

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