Terminology and classification of neuroendocrine neoplasms of the larynx

Lewis, James S.; Ferlito, Alfio; Gnepp, Douglas R.; Rinaldo, Alessandra; Devaney, Kenneth O.; Silver, Carl E.; Travis, William D.

doi:10.1002/lary.21790

Cited by 64 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(53 reference statements)

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“…The larynx is the most common site for neuroendocrine tumours in the head and neck; they are divided into epithelial (carcinomas) and neural-type tumours (paraganglioma) [12]. The terminology and classification of laryngeal neuroendocrine carcinomas have been changed and adjusted with recognition of the different biological behaviour and histological features of a particular entity in comparison with the classification used in previous edition [11][12][13].…”

Section: Neuroendocrine Tumours Of the Larynxmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The terminology and classification of laryngeal neuroendocrine carcinomas have been changed and adjusted with recognition of the different biological behaviour and histological features of a particular entity in comparison with the classification used in previous edition [11][12][13]. Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, the main target of disagreement, which was previously grouped with atypical carcinoid/moderately differentiated NEC, grade II, is now transferred into a subtype of poorly differentiated NEC, grade III.…”

Section: Neuroendocrine Tumours Of the Larynxmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, in the WHO Blue Book 2017, the classification of neuroendocrine tumours is now categorized as follows: well-differentiated, moderately-differentiated (Fig. 4a) and poorly-differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma, which is additionally divided into two subtypes: small cell NEC (SmCNEC) and large cell NEC (LCNEC) [12,13,52,53].…”

Section: Neuroendocrine Tumours Of the Larynxmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Particular attention is devoted to two histological subtypes of poorly differentiated NEC: small cell NEC (SmCNEC) and large cell NEC (LCNEC). LCNEC, which was grouped in the previous edition, WHO 2005, with atypical carcinoid/ moderately-differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma, grade II, is now transferred to a subtype of poorly differentiated NEC, grade III, since these tumours show a specific morphology and are associated with a poorer outcome [11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Update from the 4th Edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Head and Neck Tumours: What is New in the 2017 WHO Blue Book for Tumours of the Hypopharynx, Larynx, Trachea and Parapharyngeal Space

Gale

Poljak

Zidar

2017

Head and Neck Pathol

131

113

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briefly discussed. The most important innovation is brought by the section on precursor lesions, in which a unified twotier classification, consisting of low-and high-grade dysplasia, is introduced. The proposed two-tier system can also be transformed into a three-tier classification for treatment purposes, with a distinction between carcinoma in situ and high-grade dysplasia. The reviewed morphological criteria of the proposed system are based on the amended Ljubljana classification. The section on laryngeal neuroendocrine carcinomas (NEC) represents a considerable improvement in terminology and classification. NEC are divided into well-, moderate-and poorly-differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma. The latter is additionally divided into small cell NEC and large cell NEC (LCNEC). It is of extreme importance that LCNEC, which was associated in the WHO 2005 edition with atypical carcinoid/moderately differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma, grade II, has now been transferred into the group of poorly differentiated NEC, grade III, displaying a specific morphology and poorer prognosis.

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Section: Neuroendocrine Tumours Of the Larynxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Neuroendocrine Tumours Of the Larynxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Neuroendocrine Tumours Of the Larynxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Update from the 4th Edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Head and Neck Tumours: What is New in the 2017 WHO Blue Book for Tumours of the Hypopharynx, Larynx, Trachea and Parapharyngeal Space

Gale

Poljak

Zidar

2017

Head and Neck Pathol

131

113

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“…The situation regarding salivary glands and LCNEC in relation to the WHO classification is analogous to that of the larynx, i.e. that the tumor seems to exist at these sites in reality but not in the WHO ''blue book'' [18][19][20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carcinosarcoma ex Non-Recurrent Pleomorphic Adenoma Composed of TTF-1 Positive Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma and Myofibrosarcoma: Apropos a Rare Case

Petersson

Loh

2012

Head and Neck Pathol

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We present a carcinosarcoma ex non-recurrent pleomorphic adenoma composed of a large cell neuroendocrine carcinomatous component and a spindle cell sarcoma with myofibroblastic differentiation. The tumor contained a hyalinized transition zone where the classical PA appeared to acquire two different histopathological patterns of malignant transformation of the epithelial component. The carcinomatous component was strongly and diffusely positive for low-molecular weight cytokeratins (AE1-3), synaptophysin, thyroid transcription factor-1 and focally positive for chromogranin A. All these markers were negative in the sarcomatous component. The sarcomatous component displayed immunoreactivity for smooth muscle actin with a predominantly linear, subplasmalemmal pattern. No expression of CD31, S100 protein, h-caldesmon, desmin, CD34, p63, myogenin, Myo D1 and c-kit was detected. Strong immunohistochemical expression of p53 was documented in both the carcinomatous and sarcomatous components as well as in the atypical epithelial component in the transition zone associated with the hyalinized pleomorphic adenoma.

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Poorly differentiated laryngeal neuroendocrine neoplasm with high serum calcitonin level, a case report, with literature review

Motiee-Langroudi

Farahzadi

Ansari

et al. 2022

Clinical Case Reports

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Neuroendocrine neoplasm (NEN) of the larynx consists of 0.6% of laryngeal cancer and is the second most common type after squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Laryngeal NEN rarely secret calcitonin and should be differentiated from medullary thyroid carcinoma. It makes a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. We describe a case of a laryngeal NEN with calcitonin hypersecretion. A 59‐year‐old man presented to our clinic with recurrent cough, dysphonia, hoarseness, cervical mass, and significant weight loss. Diagnostic workup showed a supraglottic mass. Biopsy of the lesion revealed large‐cell neuroendocrine neoplasm. Further diagnostic workup showed elevated serum calcitonin level. The patient underwent total laryngectomy, thyroidectomy, and modified radical neck dissection. During his follow‐up, new subcutaneous nodules appeared that were biopsy‐proven metastases. Then adjuvant chemoradiotherapy was performed. Laryngeal NEN with hypersecretion of calcitonin is a rare entity. In patients with elevated serum calcitonin levels and head and neck tumors, it should be considered a differential diagnosis of medullary thyroid carcinoma. As the management and prognosis of these two neoplasms are entirely different.

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Terminology and classification of neuroendocrine neoplasms of the larynx

Cited by 64 publications

References 33 publications

Update from the 4th Edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Head and Neck Tumours: What is New in the 2017 WHO Blue Book for Tumours of the Hypopharynx, Larynx, Trachea and Parapharyngeal Space

Update from the 4th Edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Head and Neck Tumours: What is New in the 2017 WHO Blue Book for Tumours of the Hypopharynx, Larynx, Trachea and Parapharyngeal Space

Carcinosarcoma ex Non-Recurrent Pleomorphic Adenoma Composed of TTF-1 Positive Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma and Myofibrosarcoma: Apropos a Rare Case

Poorly differentiated laryngeal neuroendocrine neoplasm with high serum calcitonin level, a case report, with literature review

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