Termination in brief psychotherapy: The case for an eclectic approach.

Pinkerton, Rolffs S.; Rockwell, W. Kenneth

doi:10.1037/0033-3204.27.3.362

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The distress related to separation from the attachment figure may also occur in response to the termination of counseling. Termination of the counseling relationship is "the end point of interpersonal closeness or attachment" (Bloom-Feshbach & Bloom-Feshbach, 1988, p. 551), although the discomfort of termination is influenced by factors such as the closeness of the client-counselor relationship, the length of therapy, and whether loss has been an issue (Marx & Gelso, 1987;Pinkerton & Rockwell, 1990). Because separation experience can generate very strong feelings of distress that pose a threat to self-integrity, as sessions end, clients may experience a loss and fear or be unwilling to "face life alone without the underlying support of the therapeutic hour" (Rogers, 1951, p. 87).…”

Section: T T T T Termination Of Counseling Ermination Of Counseling Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Caregiving in Attachment Relationships: A Perspective for Counselors

Pistole

1999

Jour of Counseling & Develop

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Section: T T T T Termination Of Counseling Ermination Of Counseling Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Caregiving in Attachment Relationships: A Perspective for Counselors

Pistole

1999

Jour of Counseling & Develop

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“…This has led some authors to disregard this approach to termination and some to suggest that termination is a trivial aspect of therapy (Budman & Gurman, 1988; Hill, Carter, & O'Farrell, 1983). In the absence of either a contemporary revision of the termination-as-loss model or an alternative conceptualization of termination, authors have turned to pragmatic, somewhat atheoretical, approaches to termination (e.g., Budman & Gurman, 1988; Pinkerton & Rockwell, 1990). Therefore, the purpose of this article is to examine the termination-as-loss model in order to discard aspects of this model that are particularly problematic and to update and expand more valuable aspects of this model to make it more consistent with contemporary theoretical and empirical research.…”

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confidence: 99%

Toward an expanded and updated conceptualization of termination: Implications for short-term, individual psychotherapy.

Quintana¹

1993

Professional Psychology: Research and Practice

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This article examines a loss metaphor that has been used to conceptualize clients' experience of termination for over 40 years. Review of contemporary theoretical and empirical research in clinical and developmental psychology implicates directions for revising, expanding, and modernizing this approach to termination for short-term psychotherapy. Specifically, the predictions that termination is inherently a crisis for clients and therapists were not confirmed in extant research. However, other aspects of the termination-as-loss model could be updated to be consistent with current theory and research. Several recommendations for a more contemporary approach to termination were made. In particular, a termination-as-transformation metaphor seems to incorporate current theory and research as well as critical aspects of the traditional approach to termination.Theoretical and empirical research on termination has accumulated very slowly, and much of the research is shrouded in debate and controversy. At the heart of the controversy over termination is the termination-as-loss model, which is the expectation that clients experience the end of psychotherapy as a significant loss. It is noteworthy that this model has been recently adopted in theories of short-term and time-limited psychotherapy (e.g., Bauer & Kobos, 1987;Mann, 1973;Strupp & Binder, 1984). Although versions of the termination-as-loss model have been around for over four decades (e.g., Balint, 1950), there has not been a significant attempt to update and overhaul critical components of this model in light of contemporary research and theory. There are indications, however, that there are problematic aspects of this model. This has led some authors to disregard this approach to termination and some to suggest that termination is a trivial aspect of therapy (Budman & Gurman, 1988;Hill, Carter, & O'Farrell, 1983). In the absence of either a contemporary revision of the termination-asloss model or an alternative conceptualization of termination, authors have turned to pragmatic, somewhat atheoretical, approaches to termination (e.g., Budman & Gurman, 1988;Pinkerton & Rockwell, 1990). Therefore, the purpose of this article is to examine the termination-as-loss model in order to discard aspects of this model that are particularly problematic and to update and expand more valuable aspects of this model to STEPHEN M. QUINTANA received his PhD from the University of Notre Dame in 1989. He is currently an Assistant Professor in the Counseling Psychology Program at the University of Texas at Austin. He teaches a course on short-term psychotherapy and conducts research on processes in short-term psychotherapy, ego development in adolescence, and development of Mexican-American children.

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“…There is considerable debate over the nature of clients' affective reactions to termination across these four components of termination (Pinkerton & Rockwell, 1990). Many have suggested that clients will experience intense dysphoric reactions, especially if the finality of counseling has been emphasized (e.g., Ward, 1984).…”

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confidence: 99%

Termination in short-term counseling: Comparison of successful and unsuccessful cases.

Quintana¹,

Holahan²

1992

Journal of Counseling Psychology

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Counselors (N = 85) rated the level of outcome for 2 recent short-term counseling cases of equivalent lengths and reported the termination activity that occurred for each case using the Termination Behavior Checklist-Therapist. It was predicted and found that, in comparison with their report of successful cases, counselors reported in unsuccessful cases less frequent discussion of the end of counseling, less review of the course of counseling, less activity bringing closure to the client-counselor relationship, and less discussion of clients' affective reactions to termination. Furthermore, results of this study, which was based on counselor report, paralleled important findings of Marx and Gelso (1987), which was based on client report. Counselors were encouraged to end counseling in a more complete manner with unsuccessful cases.

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Termination in brief psychotherapy: The case for an eclectic approach.

Cited by 14 publications

References 15 publications

Caregiving in Attachment Relationships: A Perspective for Counselors

Caregiving in Attachment Relationships: A Perspective for Counselors

Toward an expanded and updated conceptualization of termination: Implications for short-term, individual psychotherapy.

Termination in short-term counseling: Comparison of successful and unsuccessful cases.

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