Terebratulide brachiopod shell biomineralization by mantle epithelial cells

Roda, María Simonet; Ziegler, Andreas; Griesshaber, Erika; Yin, Xiaofei; Rupp, Ulrich; Greiner, Martina; Henkel, Daniela; Häussermann, Verena; Eisenhauer, Anton; Laudien, Jürgen; Schmahl, Wolfgang W.

doi:10.1016/j.jsb.2019.05.002

Cited by 20 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 118 publications

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“…In living rhynchonelliform brachiopods, the walls and the basal region of endopunctae are covered by living cells (Williams 1997; Simonet Roda et al . 2019a; fig. 11).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The evolution of thecideide microstructures and textures: traced from Triassic to Holocene

Roda

Griesshaber

Angiolini

et al. 2021

LET

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Thecideide brachiopods are an anomalous group of invertebrates. In this study, we discuss the evolution of thecideide brachiopods from the Triassic to the Holocene and base our results and conclusions on microstructure and texture measurements gained from electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). In fossil and Recent thecideide shells, we observe the following mineral units: (1) nanometric to small granules; (2) acicles; (3) fibres; (4) polygonal crystals; and (5) large roundish crystals. We trace for thecideide shells the change of mineral unit characteristics such as morphology, size, orientation, arrangement and distribution pattern. Triassic thecideide shells contain extensive sections formed of fibres interspersed with large, roundish crystals. Upper Cretaceous to Pleistocene thecideide hard tissues consist of a matrix of minute to small grains reinforced by acicles and small polygonal crystals. Recent thecideide species form their shell of mineral units that show a wide range of shapes, sizes and arrangements. We find from Late Triassic to Recent a gradual decrease in mineral unit size, regularity of mineral unit morphology and orientation and the degree of calcite co‐orientation. While crystallite co‐orientation is the highest for fibrous microstructures, it is strikingly low for taxa that form their shell out of nanogranular to acicular mineral units. Our results indicate that Upper Jurassic species represent transitional forms between ancient taxa with fibrous shells and Recent forms that construct their shells of acicles and granules. We attribute the observed changes in microstructure and texture to be an adaptation to a different habitat and lifestyle associated with cementation to hard substrates.

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“…In living rhynchonelliform brachiopods, the walls and the basal region of endopunctae are covered by living cells (Williams 1997; Simonet Roda et al . 2019a; fig. 11).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2019a). As illustrated in the present study, the microstructure and texture of Recent thecideide shells is distinct from that of the primary shell layer of the other rhynchonelliform brachiopods.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The evolution of thecideide microstructures and textures: traced from Triassic to Holocene

Roda

Griesshaber

Angiolini

et al. 2021

LET

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“…Recently, Simonet Roda et al . (2019a,b) have provided an extremely detailed multidisciplinary analysis of the formation of the secondary layer fibres in recent brachiopods and offered a model which revises the traditional view of Williams (1966, 1968, 1997). In the model by Simonet Roda et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(2019a,b), fibre formation results from the activity of several outer epithelial cells, and each fibre, not only is not produced by a single cell, but it is not encased in a single membrane; also Simonet Roda et al . (2019b) did not find evidence of an amorphous precursor during fibres secretion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The shell fabric of Palaeozoic brachiopods: patterns and trends

Garbelli

Shen

et al. 2021

LET

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The varied microstructures of brachiopod biominerals represent a robust archive to understand the evolution and adaptations of marine calcifiers in time. Therefore, a detailed study of the shell microstructure of Cambrian to Devonian brachiopods from Iran is here presented. The shell of 38 brachiopod species, representatives of 22 families and nine orders, has been analysed using scanning electron microscope (SEM), and a database has been built, including macro‐ and micro‐morphological features used to characterize the two‐ or three‐layered brachiopod shells. Two main microstructural variants of the secondary layer have been analysed: fibrous and laminar fabrics. The fibrous layer has a fabric comparable to that of recent brachiopods, whereas the laminar fabric is more complex in its structural organization and has no recent analogue. In cross‐section, the laminae are thinner than the fibres, and much less variable in size. There is evidence that taxa with laminar microstructure have diverged from the Billingsellida and then followed a trend implying a decrease in thickness of the laminae. Our linear discriminant analysis (LDA) shows that shell fabric and shell thickness are powerful predictors of shell shapes, which in turn approximate the brachiopod lifestyles and ecological strategies. Taxa with a fibrous fabric are mostly biconvex, whereas the groups with a laminar secondary layer are associated to a variety of shell shapes and lifestyles. Even if the relations between shell fabric and shell thickness remain enigmatic, as well as the metabolic cost they imply, shell fabrics, and the possible structural and mechanical advantages conferred, could have played a role in the evolutionary success of the Strophomenata during the Palaeozoic.

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“…Note the stacks of transversely and longitudinally arranged fibers. Well visible in most fibers is a striation, indicative of the mode of calcite secretion: deposition of thin layers, increments, of calcite; described in great detail in Simonet Roda et al (2019a) shell layer is sharp (Figs. 5B, 6), and an organic membrane delineating the two shell layers is absent.…”

Section: Section 1: Diversity Of Recent Brachiopod Shell Microstructuresmentioning

confidence: 95%

The architecture of Recent brachiopod shells: diversity of biocrystal and biopolymer assemblages in rhynchonellide, terebratulide, thecideide and craniide shells

et al. 2021

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Biological hard tissues are a rich source of design concepts for the generation of advanced materials. They represent the most important library of information on the evolution of life and its environmental conditions. Organisms produce soft and hard tissues in a bottom-up process, a construction principle that is intrinsic to biologically secreted materials. This process emerged early on in the geological record, with the onset of biological mineralization. The phylum Brachiopoda is a marine animal group that has an excellent and continuous fossil record from the early Cambrian to the Recent. Throughout this time interval, the Brachiopoda secreted phosphate and carbonate shells and populated many and highly diverse marine habitats. This required great flexibility in the adaptation of soft and hard tissues to the different marine environments and living conditions. This review presents, juxtaposes and discusses the main modes of mineral and biopolymer organization in Recent, carbonate shell-producing, brachiopods. We describe shell tissue characteristics for taxa of the orders Rhynchonellida, Terebratulida, Thecideida and Craniida. We highlight modes of calcite and organic matrix assembly at the macro-, micro-, and nano-scales based on results obtained by Electron Backscatter Diffraction, Atomic Force Microscopy, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy and Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy. We show variation in composite hard tissue organization for taxa with different lifestyles, visualize nanometer-scale calcite assemblies for rhynchonellide and terebratulide fibers, highlight thecideide shell microstructure, texture and chemistry characteristics, and discuss the feasibility to use thecideide shells as archives of proxies for paleoenvironment and paleoclimate reconstructions.

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Terebratulide brachiopod shell biomineralization by mantle epithelial cells

Cited by 20 publications

References 118 publications

The evolution of thecideide microstructures and textures: traced from Triassic to Holocene

The evolution of thecideide microstructures and textures: traced from Triassic to Holocene

The shell fabric of Palaeozoic brachiopods: patterns and trends

The architecture of Recent brachiopod shells: diversity of biocrystal and biopolymer assemblages in rhynchonellide, terebratulide, thecideide and craniide shells

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