Terbium(III) Modified Fluorescent Carbon Dots for Highly Selective and Sensitive Ratiometry of Stringent

Abstract

Highly selective and sensitive detection of guanosine 3'-diphosphate-5'-diphosphate (ppGpp), namely, the stringent in plants or microorganisms responding to strict or extreme environmental conditions such as stress and starvation, which plays an important role in gene expression, rRNA and antibiotics production, regulations of virulence of bacteria, and growth of plants, faces a great challenge owing to its extreme similarity to normal nucleotides. By modifying the surface groups of a facile two-step hydrothermal route prepared carbon dots (CDs) with terbium ions (Tb) in this contribution, a novel fluorescent probe with excellent properties such as highly physical and chemical stability, narrow emission and excitation wavelength-independent emission was prepared. The Tb ions on the surface of CDs cannot only preserve the intrinsic fluorescence (FL) of CDs but also keep its own coordination capacity with rare earth complex, and thus the clamp structure (four phosphate groups) of ppGpp can specific binding with Tb ions on the surface of CDs to produce antenna effect. Therefore, a highly selective and sensitive fluorescent ratiometry of ppGpp was developed by terbium-modified carbon dots (CDs-Tb) with the limit of detection as low as 50 nM based on the synergistic effect of antenna effect of Tb ions and specific recognition capacity of CDs. The applicability of this assay was demonstrated by CDs-Tb-based paper sensor for high distinguishing ppGpp from other nucleotides with similar structure.

Self‐Quenching‐Resistant Red Emissive Carbon Dots with High Stability for Warm White Light‐Emitting Diodes with a High Color Rendering Index

“…Carbon dots (CDs), an emerging class of carbon‐based luminescent nanomaterials, have attracted more and more attention and interest in recent years owing to their outstanding properties, such as chemical stability, [ 10,11 ] photostability, [ 12–14 ] biocompatibility, [ 15,16 ] and low toxicity. [ 17–19 ] Because of those distinct merits, CDs could be able to apply in extensive fields, such as drug delivery, [ 20,21 ] solar cell, [ 22 ] optoelectronic devices, [ 23,24 ] bioimaging, [ 25,26 ] and so on.…”

Luminescent Hydroxyapatite Doped with Rare Earth Elements for Biomedical Applications

“…Terbium is an essential element of the rare earth family that presents complex optical, magnetic, and electronic properties. It is also an appropriate candidate for applications in the glass industry [48,49], information industry [50], polymers [51,52], bio-chemical sensors [53,54,55], and solar cells [56,57,58]. Terbium is unavoidably present in the environment, organisms, and food chains due to its extensive development and utilization.…”

Influence of Terbium Ions and Their Concentration on the Photoluminescence Properties of Hydroxyapatite for Biomedical Applications

“…Terbium (Tb, atomic number: 65) is an important element in the rare earth group due to its interesting electronic, magnetic and optical properties, being also suitable for applications in the glass industry [27], polymers, biochemical sensors [28], and solar cells [29]. Due to its extensive development and use, terbium is inevitably present in organisms, the environment, and food chains.…”