Terapia nutricional a pacientes con insuficiencia respiratoria aguda y ventilación mecánica no invasiva: revisión narrativa de la literatura

Abstract

Background: In acute respiratory failure patients, noninvasive ventilation has a negative impact on nutritional status. Respiratory muscles deterioration secondary to nil per os prescription affects ventilator capacity. Aim: The aim of this review was to analyze the literature of nutritional therapy in patients with acute respiratory failure and noninvasive ventilation. Additionally, we proposed and algorithm of nutritional intervention. Method: The search was conducted using PubMed and Hinari. Key terms included (non invasive ventilation OR noninvasive ventilation) AND (nutrition OR nutritional OR intake). Inclusion criteria for this review include primary articles; human adult's studies only and individuals with acute lung injury or acute respiratory failure. Four studies met the inclusion criteria. And additionally review of ASPEN and ESPEN safes practices and guidelines was conducted to propose an algorithm for nutritional intervention. Result: Currently, there are no consensus documents for the nutritional therapy of this population, however, considering the associations between the deficit of energy and protein and the clinical outcomes reported in the hospitalized patients, is essential the implementation of protocols and promoting optimal nutritional therapy for each patient in order to malnutrition treatment or prevention.