Terahertz Metamaterial with Multiple Resonances for Biosensing Application

Abstract

A sickle-shaped metamaterial (SSM) based biochemical sensor with multiple resonances was investigated in the terahertz frequency range. The electromagnetic responses of SSM were found to be four resonances, namely dipolar, quadrupolar, octupolar and hexadecapolar plasmon resonances. They were generated from the interactions between SSM and perpendicularly incident terahertz waves. The sensing performances of SSM-based biochemical sensors were evaluated by changing ambient environments and analyte varieties. The highest values of sensitivity and figure of merit (FOM) for SSM covered with analyte thin-films were 471 GHz/RIU (refraction index unit) and 94 RIU−1, respectively. In order to further investigate the biosensing ability of the proposed SSM device, dielectric hemispheres and microfluidic chips were adopted to imitate dry and hydrous biological specimens, respectively. The results show that the sensing abilities of SSM-based biochemical sensors could be enhanced by increasing either the number of hemispheres or the channel width of the microfluidic chip. The highest sensitivity was 405 GHz/RIU for SSM integrated with microfluidic chips. Finally, three more realistic models were simulated to imitate real sensing situations, and the corresponding highest sensitivity was 502 GHz/RIU. The proposed SSM device paves the way to possible uses in biochemical sensing applications.

Tunable infrared metamaterial-based biosensor for detection of hemoglobin and urine using phase change material

“…One study demonstrated the use of biosensor built using metamaterial and semiconductor that measure refractive index of analyte at far infrared 27 . Metamaterial can also be applied in various applications: as dual tunable absorbers 28 of different shapes such as chevron 29 and wrench 30 ; chemical sensing 31 ; infrared filter 32 , 33 ; tunable polarizer 34 , microelectromechanical devices 35 ; and polarization-insensitive devices 36 . Nanoparticle can also be used in development of biosensor for applications such as medical diagnostic devices 37 .…”

Tunable Infrared Metamaterial Emitter for Gas Sensing Application

“…The permittivity and permeability of metamaterials can be tailored by properly engineering the geometrical dimensions and material compositions of their subwavelength periodic patterns. They are widely studied to realize thermal emitters and are perfect absorbers for energy harvesting, medical imaging, and high-sensitivity sensing applications [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. By tailoring the geometrical dimensions, metamaterials can be designed to span broad operating wavelengths, including visible [31][32][33], IR [34][35][36][37][38][39], terahertz [40][41][42][43][44], and microwave light [45,46].…”

Tunable Perfect Meta‐Absorber with High‐Sensitive Polarization Characteristic

“…Electromagnetic absorber has attracted various interests in recent years due to its numerous applications in solar‐energy harvesting, photon detection, biosensing, and thermal imaging. [ 1–7 ] Many research efforts have been devoted to develop the high‐performance absorber with perfect absorption, [ 8 ] multi‐band absorption, [ 9,10 ] broadband absorption, [ 11 ] polarization‐independent absorption, [ 12 ] and omnidirectional incidence [ 13 ] spanned the entire spectrum. [ 14–17 ] To date, many tuning mechanisms are presented for tunable electromagnetic absorbers using coherent absorption, [ 18 ] semiconductor, [ 19 ] surface plasmon polariton, [ 20 ] and metamaterial.…”