Teplice Program: The Impact of Air Pollution on Human Health

Srám, Radim J.; Beneš, I; Binková, Blanka; Dejmek, J; Horstman, Donald H.; Kotĕsovec, F; Otto, David A.; Perreault, Sally D.; Rubeš, Jiřı́; Selevan, Sherry G.; Skalik, Ivan; Stevens, Robert K.; Lewtas, Joellen

doi:10.2307/3432707

Cited by 26 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Morris et al (2003) found no statistically significant excess risk of low birth weight in populations living near special waste landfill sites in Scotland. In contrast, after controlling for potential confounders, Sram et al (1996) report an increased frequency of low birth weight deliveries in a heavily industrial region of the Czech Republic compared with the control region. Elliott et al (2001) studied 9,565 landfill sites in Great Britain and found a small, elevated risk of low birth-weight deliveries among women living within 2 km of a landfill.…”

Section: Residential Exposure To Industrial Waste and Reproductive Hementioning

confidence: 64%

Effects of residential exposure to steel mills and coking works on birth weight and preterm births among residents of Sydney, Nova Scotia

Burra¹,

Elliott²,

Eyles³

et al. 2006

Canadian Geographies / Géographies canadiennes

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The Sydney Tar Ponds in Sydney, Nova Scotia, Canada, have been referred to as the most contaminated industrial site in the country. Area residents, aware of the contamination for close to 25 years, are very concerned about their health: past, present and future. In particular, they are concerned about cancer; this is followed closely by reproductive health concerns. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and determinants of birth weight and preterm birth among residents living in proximity to an industrial site contaminated with a mix of industrial wastes arising from a former steel mill and coking works (the Tar Ponds) in Sydney, Nova Scotia, Canada. A telephone survey was administered to 500 randomly selected women living in proximity to the site to document reproductive histories. The respondents reported 904 live birth pregnancies occurring in Sydney. The mean birth weight reported for live birth pregnancies was 3,391 g (standard deviation: 570). The reported prevalence of preterm births was 7 percent. Linear regression analyses showed a reduction in birth weight of approximately 85 g among residents in a zone estimated to have higher levels of deposition of airborne effluent from the site. Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed a decrease in the risk of preterm birth as residential distance from the site increased (odds ratio 0.65, 95 percent confidence interval 0.42, 0.98). These data suggest that community exposure to industrial contaminants had some, but little, impact on reported birth weights in this sample of respondents. The apparent increase in risk for preterm births suggests further investigation may be warranted, particularly in light of community concerns. Follow‐up investigations using validated birth records and more sensitive measures of environmental exposure could be used to confirm the findings and further explore the intra‐urban variation in health outcomes. These findings underscore the importance of ongoing clean‐up efforts in Sydney.

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Section: Residential Exposure To Industrial Waste and Reproductive Hementioning

confidence: 64%

Effects of residential exposure to steel mills and coking works on birth weight and preterm births among residents of Sydney, Nova Scotia

Burra¹,

Elliott²,

Eyles³

et al. 2006

Canadian Geographies / Géographies canadiennes

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“…However, it was only recently when several studies demonstrated statistical associations between high ambient air pollution levels and human health, including morbidity and mortality in the Czech Republic (Bobak and Leon 1992;Jelinkova and Branis 2001;Sram et al 1996). The political and successive economical changes in Central and Eastern Europe at the end of 1980s significantly influenced the principal sources of urban air pollution (Moldan and Schnoor 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air quality of Prague: traffic as a main pollution source

Braniš

2008

Environ Monit Assess

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Political and economical transition in the Central and Eastern Europe at the end of eighties significantly influenced all aspects of life as well as technological infrastructure. Collapse of outdated energy demanding industry and adoption of environmental legislation resulted in seeming improvements of urban environmental quality. Hand in hand with modernization the newly adopted regulations also helped to phase out low quality coal frequently used for domestic heating. However, at the same time, the number of vehicles registered in the city increased. The two processes interestingly acted as parallel but antagonistic forces. To interpret the trends in urban air quality of Prague, Czech capital, monthly averages of PM(10), SO(2), NO(2), NO, O(3) and CO concentrations from the national network of automated monitoring stations were analyzed together with long term trends in fuel consumption and number of vehicles registered in Prague within a period of 1992-2005. The results showed that concentrations of SO(2) (a pollutant strongly related to fossil fuel burning) dropped significantly during the period of concern. Similarly NO(X) and PM(10) concentrations decreased significantly in the first half of the nineties (as a result of solid fuel use drop), but remained rather stable or increased after 2000, presumably reflecting rapid increase of traffic density. In conclusion, infrastructural changes in early nineties had a strong positive effect on Prague air quality namely in the first half of the period studied, nevertheless, the current trend in concentrations of automotive exhaust related pollutants (such as PM(10), NO(X)) needs adoption of stricter measures.

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“…The higher the exposure, the more severe are the adverse health effects. No data on environmental inequity have so far been gathered in the Czech Republic; however, epidemiological research has shown that exposure to air pollution has adverse health effects in many Czech regions (Bobak and Leon, 1992;Sram et al, 1996;Katsouyanni et al, 1997;Peters et al, 2000;Jelinkova and Branis, 2001;Branis et al, 2011). New studies combining epidemiological, socio-economic and air pollution variables will be needed to reveal whether or not low SES significantly contributes to health problems in socially deprived groups of people also in the Czech Republic (and in other countries in transition).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%