Tephrostratigraphy of the late glacial and Holocene sediments of Puyehue Lake (Southern Volcanic Zone, Chile, 40°S)

Bertrand, Sébastien; Castiaux, Julie; Juvigné, Étienne

doi:10.1016/j.yqres.2008.06.001

Cited by 28 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Details concerning the age-model construction are given in Bertrand et al (2008a). The radiocarbon age-model is consistent with accumulation rates calculated from 210 Pb and 137 Cs concentrations (Arnaud et al, 2006), as well as with the varve-counting data of Boës and Fagel (2008), and the tephrochronological model of Bertrand et al (2008b).…”

Section: Sedimentary Organic Mattersupporting

confidence: 83%

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Bulk organic geochemistry of sediments from Puyehue Lake and its watershed (Chile, 40°S): Implications for paleoenvironmental reconstructions

Bertrand

Sterken

Vargas-Ramirez

et al. 2010

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

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(376 words)Since the last deglaciation, the mid-latitudes of the southern Hemisphere have undergone considerable environmental changes. In order to better understand the response of continental ecosystems to paleoclimate changes in southern South America, we investigated the sedimentary record of Puyehue Lake, located in the western piedmont of the Andes in south-central Chile (40°S). We analyzed the elemental (C, N) and stable isotopic ( was then used to estimate the fraction of terrestrial carbon (ƒ T ) preserved in the lake sediments. Our approach was validated using surface sediment samples, which show a strong relation between ƒ T and distance to the main rivers and to the shore. We further applied this equation to an 11.22 m long sediment core to reconstruct paleoenvironmental changes in Puyehue Lake and its watershed during the last 17.9 kyr. Our data provide evidence for a first warming pulse at 17.3 cal kyr BP, which triggered a rapid increase in lake diatom productivity, lagging the start of a similar increase in sea surface temperature (SST) off Chile by 1500 years. This delay is best explained by the presence of a large glacier in the lake watershed, which delayed the response time of the terrestrial proxies and limited the concomitant expansion of the vegetation in the lake watershed (low ƒ T ). A second warming pulse at 12.8 cal kyr BP is inferred from an increase in lake productivity and a major expansion of the vegetation in the lake watershed, demonstrating that the Puyehue glacier had considerably retreated from the watershed. This second warming pulse is synchronous with a 2°C increase in SST off the coast of Chile, and its timing corresponds to the beginning of the Younger Dryas Chronozone. These results contribute to the mounting evidence that the climate in the mid-latitudes of the southern Hemisphere was warming during the Younger Dryas Chronozone, in agreement with the bipolar see-saw hypothesis.

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Section: Sedimentary Organic Mattersupporting

confidence: 83%

“…The sediment is composed of finely laminated to homogeneous brown silty particles and contains seventy-eight tephra layers, generally less than 1 cm thick and well distributed throughout the core (Bertrand et al, 2008b) (Fig. 2).…”

Section: Sedimentary Organic Mattermentioning

confidence: 99%

Bulk organic geochemistry of sediments from Puyehue Lake and its watershed (Chile, 40°S): Implications for paleoenvironmental reconstructions

Bertrand

Sterken

Vargas-Ramirez

et al. 2010

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

Self Cite

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“…de Fontaine et al, 2007;Bertrand et al, 2008). These tephrostratigraphic studies are presented with a range of interpretational challenges, which are much less of an issue than for studies examining distal tephra deposits.…”

Section: Rationale and Aimsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a consequence, dispersed explosive-eruption products (tephra) sampled within marine-and lake-sediment cores are widely used to reconstruct explosive eruption records of volcanoes (e.g. Paterne et al, 1988;Ortega-Guerrero and Newton, 1998;Wulf et al, 2004;de Fontaine et al, 2007;Bertrand et al, 2008;Gudmundsdóttir et al, 2012). In making such reconstructions, it is important that explosive eruption deposits are correctly identified, and can be discriminated from volcaniclastic sediments deposited via other mechanisms (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Construction of volcanic records from marine sediment cores: A review and case study (Montserrat, West Indies)

Cassidy

Watt

Palmer

et al. 2014

Earth-Science Reviews

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Detailed knowledge of the past history of an active volcano is crucial for the prediction of the timing, frequency and style of future eruptions, and for the identification of potentially at-risk areas. Subaerial volcanic stratigraphies are often incomplete, due to a lack of exposure, or burial and erosion from subsequent eruptions. However, many volcanic eruptions produce widelydispersed explosive products that are frequently deposited as tephra layers in the sea. Cores of marine sediment therefore have the potential to provide more complete volcanic stratigraphies, at least for explosive eruptions. Nevertheless, problems such as bioturbation and dispersal by currents affect the preservation and subsequent detection of marine tephra deposits.Consequently, cryptotephras, in which tephra grains are not sufficiently concentrated to form layers that are visible to the naked eye, may be the only record of many explosive eruptions.Additionally, thin, reworked deposits of volcanic clasts transported by floods and landslides, or during pyroclastic density currents may be incorrectly interpreted as tephra fallout layers, leading to the construction of inaccurate records of volcanism. This work uses samples from the volcanic island of Montserrat as a case study to test different techniques for generating volcanic eruption records from marine sediment cores, with a particular relevance to cores sampled in relatively proximal settings (i.e. tens of kilometres from the volcanic source) where volcaniclastic material may form a pervasive component of the sedimentary sequence. Visible volcaniclastic deposits identified by sedimentological logging were used to test the effectiveness of potential alternative volcaniclastic-deposit detection techniques, including point counting of grain types (component analysis), glass or mineral chemistry, colour spectrophotometry, grain size measurements, XRF core scanning, magnetic susceptibility and X-radiography. This study demonstrates that a set of time-efficient, non-destructive and high-spatial-resolution analyses (e.g. XRF core-scanning and magnetic susceptibility) can be used effectively to detect potential cryptotephra horizons in marine sediment cores. Once these horizons have been sampled, microscope image analysis of volcaniclastic grains can be used successfully to discriminate between tephra fallout deposits and other volcaniclastic deposits, by using specific criteria Page | 3 related to clast morphology and sorting. Standard practice should be employed when analysing marine sediment cores to accurately identify both visible tephra and cryptotephra deposits, and to distinguish fallout deposits from other volcaniclastic deposits.

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“…org). The southern Andes and Patagonia have garnered a fair number of recent tephrochronology studies (e.g., Kilian et al, 2003;Haberzettl et al, 2007;Bertrand et al, 2008;Watt et al, 2011;Daga et al, 2014;Fontijn et al, 2014) while the central Andes (e.g., Breitkreuz et al, 2014) and northern Andes (e.g., Rodbell et al, 2002;Hansen et al, 2003;Le Pennec et al, 2008;Tonneijck et al, 2008) are also becoming better represented in the published literature. Central America, by comparison, has a paucity of recent tephrochronology studies despite its highly volcanic context.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The cultural nature of tephra: ‘Problematic’ ecofacts and artifacts and the Barú volcano, Panamá

Holmberg

2016

Quaternary International

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a b s t r a c tThis paper presents data from archaeological stratigraphy and lacustrine core samples containing tephra from the Barú volcano in western Panama. The discussion seeks to refine the understanding of medial tephra deposits near Barú in relation to the eruption history indicated by geological, palaeoecological, and archaeological data. A primary goal of this fieldwork is the identification and correlation of tephra from major Barú eruptions encountered in archaeological contexts by their lithology, stratigraphic position, and mineralogy without resorting to geochemical fingerprinting. The intention is to develop a cost efficient and reproducible means of utilizing tephra as a chronostratigraphic marker in archaeological contexts and examine the intersection of human life with volcanic events and dynamic environments. Tephra in archaeological contexts can have ambiguous placement between ecofact and artifact, as is the case with a small number of crude tephra sculptures in my excavated material and that of a seminal prior study. While the research project utilizes visible tephra layers, not cryptotephra, by all means the tephra data prove to be cryptic. Engagement with the imperfection entailed in meshing multidisciplinary data sets and different scientific communities with interests in tephra, particularly in lesser studied regions, is posited as a 'total' view of tephra.

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Tephrostratigraphy of the late glacial and Holocene sediments of Puyehue Lake (Southern Volcanic Zone, Chile, 40°S)

Cited by 28 publications

References 45 publications

Bulk organic geochemistry of sediments from Puyehue Lake and its watershed (Chile, 40°S): Implications for paleoenvironmental reconstructions

Bulk organic geochemistry of sediments from Puyehue Lake and its watershed (Chile, 40°S): Implications for paleoenvironmental reconstructions

Construction of volcanic records from marine sediment cores: A review and case study (Montserrat, West Indies)

The cultural nature of tephra: ‘Problematic’ ecofacts and artifacts and the Barú volcano, Panamá

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