Tenuifolin, a secondary saponin from hydrolysates of polygalasaponins, counteracts the neurotoxicity induced by Aβ25–35 peptides in vitro and in vivo

MGCD0103, a selective histone deacetylase inhibitor, coameliorates oligomeric Aβ25‐35‐induced anxiety and cognitive deficits in a mouse model

“…The accumulation of Aβ in the brain initiates a cascade of events, including neuroinflammatory response, oxidative injury, and kinases/phosphatase activities, which lead patients to present with the symptoms of dementia . Intrahippocampal injection of oligomeric Aβ via stereotaxic is widely used to generate an animal model for AD study . Evidence also demonstrated that the platform of intrahippocampal Aβ 25‐35 injection can be used to evaluate the cognitive effects of drug in animals .…”

“…35 Intrahippocampal injection of oligomeric Aβ via stereotaxic is widely used to generate an animal model for AD study. [36][37][38][39][40] Evidence also demonstrated that the platform of intrahippocampal Aβ [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] injection can be used to evaluate the cognitive effects of drug in animals. 38 In addition, it is reported that Aβ 1-40 , the major component of Aβ deposition, which is soluble and nontoxic and is easily converted by brain proteases to truncated toxic fragments, Aβ 25-35/40 .…”

Utilization of UPLC/Q‐TOF‐MS‐Based Metabolomics and AFLP‐Based Marker‐Assisted Selection to Facilitate/Assist Conventional Breeding of Polygala tenuifolia

“…tenuifolia , which is listed in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 edition). Tenuifolin, one of the active constituents of hydrolysate of polygala saponins, acts against neurotoxicity induced by A β 25 – 35 peptides . Polygalaxanthone III significantly inhibits chlorzoxazone 6‐hydroxylation catalyzed by CYP2E1 .…”

Ultra-fast liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry determination of eight bioactive components of Kai-Xin-San in rat plasma and its application to a comparative pharmacokinetic study in normal and Alzheimer's disease rats

“…The purity of these reference standards were all >98%. D-Galactopyranose (D-gal) and Amyloid β-Peptide Fragment 25-35 (Aβ [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] ) were supplied by Sigma (USA). Methanol of HPLC grade was from Fisher Scientific (Fairlawn, NJ, USA).…”

“…The AD model was induced by intraperitoneal injection of D-gal and hippocampus injection of A+ [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] , according to previous reports [24][25][26]. Briefly, D-gal (50 mg/kg/day) and the same volume of saline were injected daily into the abdominal cavity of the rats in AD model and normal groups for six weeks, respectively; 4 μg Aβ [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] (1 μg/μL) was injected into each bilateral hippocampu of the AD rats at the co-ordinates antero-posterior, −3.5, mediolateral, ±2.0, dorso-ventral, 3.0 mm according to the stereotaxic atlas by brain stereotaxic apparatu at the end of the fourth week, and the same volume of saline was injected to the normal rats in the same way. Two weeks later, the Morris water maze testing was evaluated, all rats were trained to find a hidden platform.…”