Tensor Holographic Metasurface Using Addition Theory to Independently Manipulate Orthogonally Polarized Bessel Beams

Abstract

A tensor holographic metasurface is proposed, to independently manipulate nondiffractive beams with orthogonal polarization and flexible propagation direction. To theoretically analyze the proposed topology, addition theory is developed to modulate surface impedance using tensor cells. Moreover, a polynomial formula is derived to express the equivalent surface impedance of tensor unit cells for pattern generation. To validate this concept, a tensor holographic metasurface is designed, fabricated, and measured. The well‐matched simulation and measurement results show that, for the first time, the proposed holographic metasurface with tensor unit‐cells, simultaneously generates two Bessel beams, not only with orthogonal polarization, but also with expected propagation direction rather than fixed along the broadside. Moreover, the proposed topology is promising to manipulate multiple beams not limited to two Bessel beams.

High efficiency holographic impedance metasurface for dual circular polarized OAM waves

“…Let the THIMS located in xoy plane, and the origin of the coordinate system is at the MS center. For a tensor impedance Z, which is derived from the interferences between objective wave E radi  and excitation surface current J surf  , the surface impedance distribution map is calculated by 19 :…”

Multiplexing Tensor Holographic Metasurface with Surface Impedance Superposition for Manipulating Multibeams with Multimodes

“…[22][23][24] In addition to multibeam generations, scalar holographic metasurface is potential to manipulate these multiple beams with multiple modes. [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36] For example, dual-polarized beams are realized with two orthogonally excited feeds on the holographic metasurface, [26] and it is then extended to dual-frequency radiations. [27] The multibeams can be electrically switched using PIN diode, [28] or can be reconfigurable using matrix approximation.…”

“…On the other hand, tensor holographic metasurface is more suitable for certain applications, as it is flexible to manipulate the amplitude, phase, and polarization of multibeams. [31][32][33][34][35] For example, circularly polarized multiple beams are generated by a single or multisource, [31,32] spatial modulation of holographic Multimode multibeams are widely investigated, but are mostly generated by 3D bulky configuration or partitioned aperture for each beam. This paper proposes and analyzes a method to generate multimode multibeams using a planar single-layer metasurface with shared aperture.…”

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Taking Bessel beam as an example, it is widely investigated by using axicon, [2,3] dielectric lens, [4] leaky radial waveguide, [5] spoof surface plasmon polariton, [6] and image is achieved by self-rotation or projection in free space, [33] and linearly polarized dual vortex beams are radiated from a single feed. [34,35] However, the state-of-the-art research on tensor holographic metasurface is mainly limited to single frequency band. As seldomly published, a dual-band radiation is realized, [36] but the designed metasurface is partitioned into two subarrays, which only contribute to the corresponding beams, i.e., the metasurface is not shared or multiplexed, and therefore is not effectively used.…”

Holographic Tensor Metasurface for Simultaneous Wireless Powers and Information Transmissions Using Polarization Diversity

“…Holographic tensor metasurface (HTM) presents high flexibility in tailoring electromagnetic waves, which can be used to realize extraordinary functions, such as Airy beam generation, [8] Bessel beam generation, [9] beam formation, [10][11][12] gas sensors, [13] hologram, [14][15][16][17][18][19][20] encryption, [21,22] and vortex wave generation. [23,24] Figure 1.…”