Tensile, thermal degradation and water diffusion behaviour of gamma-radiation induced recycled polymer blend/rice husk composites: Experimental and statistical analysis
“…Since the oil was hydrophobic, a longer time period was required to reach saturation conditions, and this reduced the water kinetic mechanism, diffusing inside the hydroxyl groups of the RH and matrix to form hydrogen bonding. Moreover, a gamma radiation post-treatment was also employed by Chen et al [ 63 ] and proved that the irradiation process increased the moisture kinetics and swelling effect on the composites. However, increasing the filler content after post-treatment also increased the moisture absorption, due to a huge quantity of carbonyl and hydroxyl groups in the composite, which allowed more molecule water to be diffused via the capillary effect.…”
Section: Water Diffusion Behavior Of Rh Compositesmentioning
Recently, because of the rising population, carbon overloading, and environmental distress, human beings have needed to increase awareness and responsibility for the reduction of agricultural waste. The utilization of agricultural waste as a filler material in reinforced polymers is a fascinating discovery. This review paper attempts to study the physical, mechanical, and thermal behavior of rice husk (RH) as a fiber for reinforcing various synthetic polymers, based on recent studies, conducted between 2017 and 2021. It also highlights that advanced modification techniques could further improve the performance of composites by tailoring the physical and chemical substances of the fiber or matrix. The thermal properties, including flame-retardance and thermal behavior, are also discussed. The characteristics of the fiber–matrix interaction between RH and the polymer matrix provide essential insights into the future-ready applications of this agricultural waste fiber. The way forward in researching RH polymer composites is finally reviewed.
“…Since the oil was hydrophobic, a longer time period was required to reach saturation conditions, and this reduced the water kinetic mechanism, diffusing inside the hydroxyl groups of the RH and matrix to form hydrogen bonding. Moreover, a gamma radiation post-treatment was also employed by Chen et al [ 63 ] and proved that the irradiation process increased the moisture kinetics and swelling effect on the composites. However, increasing the filler content after post-treatment also increased the moisture absorption, due to a huge quantity of carbonyl and hydroxyl groups in the composite, which allowed more molecule water to be diffused via the capillary effect.…”
Section: Water Diffusion Behavior Of Rh Compositesmentioning
Recently, because of the rising population, carbon overloading, and environmental distress, human beings have needed to increase awareness and responsibility for the reduction of agricultural waste. The utilization of agricultural waste as a filler material in reinforced polymers is a fascinating discovery. This review paper attempts to study the physical, mechanical, and thermal behavior of rice husk (RH) as a fiber for reinforcing various synthetic polymers, based on recent studies, conducted between 2017 and 2021. It also highlights that advanced modification techniques could further improve the performance of composites by tailoring the physical and chemical substances of the fiber or matrix. The thermal properties, including flame-retardance and thermal behavior, are also discussed. The characteristics of the fiber–matrix interaction between RH and the polymer matrix provide essential insights into the future-ready applications of this agricultural waste fiber. The way forward in researching RH polymer composites is finally reviewed.
“…Finally, there are large number of porous tubular fiber structures that expedite the water penetration via capillary action. 7,29 Figure 8.Water absorption of recycled HDPE/SCB fiber green composites with different fiber types and contents. HDPE: high-density polyethylene; SCB: sugarcane bagasse.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Finally, there are large number of porous tubular fiber structures that expedite the water penetration via capillary action. 7,29 In Figure 8, the effect of fiber modification on water absorption of recycled HDPE green composites as compared to 5 wt% raw SCB fiber composite is presented. Generally, the water absorption of soaked and alkali-treated SCB fiber green composites, except for 15 wt% soaked SCB fiber composite, exhibited lower amount of weight gain than that of 5 wt% raw fiber.…”
Enormous amounts of plastic wastes are generated worldwide and the approaches related to plastic recycling or reusing have become the research focus in the field of composite materials. In this study, green composites were prepared via melt-blending method using high-density polyethylene (HDPE) sourced from plastic bags as a matrix and sugarcane bagasse (SCB) fiber as reinforcing filler. The effects of fiber loading (5, 10 and 15 wt%) and fiber modification on the mechanical and dimensional stability (weight gain by water absorption) properties of the green composites were investigated. Results showed that the inclusion of SCB fiber into recycled HDPE matrix increased the composite stiffness but decreased the mechanical strength and resistance to water absorption. With the fiber modification through alkali treatment, the mechanical strength was remarkably improved, and the modulus and water absorption of the composites were found to be reduced. From the finding, it can be concluded that the prepared green composites free of coupling agent could add value to the plastic and agricultural wastes, and serve a potential candidate to replace some conventional petroleum-based composites.
“…Moreover, with the addition of RH in the eco-composite structure, the flammability heat release rates were significantly dropped by approximately 39%, which can be attributed to the presence of silica in RH [9]. Additionally, the degradation rate values for RH reinforced polymer were shifted to a higher temperature, indicating improved thermal stability of the biocomposite as compared to recycled polymer [10]. Many studies also mentioned that RH-filled composite material has a low moisture absorption kinetic and good dimension stability than other natural fiber composites [11].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 98%
“…The utilization of RH in composite structures is recommended in many engineering applications due to its abrasive nature, low cost, lightweight, renewability, biodegradability, universally available, and weathering resistant. It has been reported that the incorporation of RH into thermoplastic matrices enhances the mechanical [8], flammability [9], and thermal stability [10] properties of biocomposites. Chen et al [8] reported that the RH filler sample improved up to 58% tensile modulus than neat polymer.…”
Utilizing agro-waste material such as rice husk (RH) and coco peat (CP) reinforced with thermoplastic resin to produce low-cost green composites is a fascinating discovery. In this study, the effectiveness of these blended biocomposites was evaluated for their physical, mechanical, and thermal properties. Initially, the samples were fabricated by using a combination of melt blend internal mixer and injection molding techniques. Increasing in RH content increased the coupons density. However, it reduced the water vapor kinetics sorption of the biocomposite. Moisture absorption studies disclosed that water uptake was significantly increased with the increase of coco peat (CP) filler. It showed that the mechanical properties, including tensile modulus, flexural modulus, and impact strength of the 15% RH—5% CP reinforced acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), gave the highest value. Results also revealed that all RH/CP filled composites exhibited a brittle fracture manner. Observation on the tensile morphology surfaces by using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) affirmed the above finding to be satisfactory. Therefore, it can be concluded that blend-agriculture waste reinforced ABS biocomposite can be exploited as a biodegradable material for short life engineering application where good mechanical and thermal properties are paramount.
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