Tensile Stress-Strain Results for 304L and 316L Stainless Steel Plate at Temperature

Abstract

The Idaho National Laboratory is conducting moderate strain rate (5 to 200 per second) research on stainless steel materials in support of the Department of Energy's National Spent Nuclear Fuel Program. For this research, strain rate effects are characterized by comparison to quasi-static tensile test results. Considerable tensile testing has been conducted resulting in the generation of a large amount of basic material data expressed as engineering and true stress-strain curves. The purpose of this paper is to present the results of quasi-static tensile testing of 304L and 316L stainless steels in order to add to the existing data pool for these materials and make the data more readily available to other researchers, engineers, and interested parties.Standard tensile testing of round specimens in accordance with ASTM procedure A 370-03a was conducted on 304L and 316L stainless steel plate materials at temperatures ranging from -20°F to 600°F. Two plate thicknesses, eight material heats, and both base and weld metal were tested. Material yield strength, ultimate strength, ultimate strain, fracture strength, fracture strain and reduction in area were determined. Engineering and true stress-strain curves to failure were developed and comparisons to ASME Code minimums were made. The procedures used during testing and the typical results obtained are presented in this paper. INTRODUCTIONThe Department of Energy's (DOE) National Spent Nuclear Fuel Program (NSNFP), working with the Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management (OCRWM), the Idaho National Laboratory (INL) and other DOE sites, has supported development of canisters for loading and interim storage, transportation, and disposal of DOE spent nuclear fuel (SNF). To assess the integrity of these SNF canisters under dynamic, impact loading, the INL is conducting moderate strain rate (5 to 200 per second) research on 304L and 316L stainless steels which are the preferred materials for construction. The goal of this research is to define and justify elevated strain rate effects for these materials over a range of applicable temperatures and develop corresponding true stress-strain relationships that can be used to perform accurate analytical assessments of canister impact events. Both base metal and weld metal are of significance and are being investigated.

Effects of hot isostatic pressing on the elastic modulus and tensile properties of 316L parts made by powder bed laser fusion

“…At a macro-scale, for the circular cross-section samples there was no evidence of the classic cup and cone fracture surface expected from ductile materials like 304 and 316L steels, [53], although for the rectangular as-built samples the fracture surfaces were generally flat and the hot isostatically pressed samples showed 45° fracture planes.…”

Impact Testing of Stainless Steel Material at Cold Temperatures

“…Another observation from Figures 11 through 14 is the striking difference between the shape of the true stress-strain curve at -20 o F and at the other temperatures. These curve shapes resulted during the quasi-static tensile testing performed [7]. Both the 304L and the 316L showed this unique curve shape (as did the other repetitive tests at this cold temperature).…”

“…Quasi-static tensile testing was performed following the requirements of ASTM A370 [6]. A 2007 PVP paper [7] contains additional information on the quasi-static testing performed to support this strain rate testing effort. Material impact testing, using the ITM, yielded the actual strain history response of the test specimen to a defined level of impact energy.…”

Wear characteristics of die surface in deep drawing of stainless steel 304 by using finite element simulation

“…The geometry of punch has been selected to rigid body, the die and sheet are set to be deformable bodies in Table 1. In addition the material properties of sheet and die coating are stainless steel 304 (SS304) and TiN were based on [11] and [12] respectively. The assumption of Coulomb arctangent (velocity) is applied to all of contact body area with coefficient of friction in dry contact surface is 0.3 and moreover the boundary conditions of FE setup was shown in Fig 2. The boundaries of right surface nodes has been fixed displacement in horizontal x direction in order to present the haft of symmetry in geometric body.…”