Tensile recoveries of cotton modified with and without crosslinks

660 t between fabric and skin. A realistic model must take into consideration both physical and physiological factors. We have considered only the physical factors here.The treatment given here is simple and results from an attempt to convey the nature of the phenomena.More realistic models of the behavior of a tube of cloth on & limb are being considered. The effect of wind on the layer of air that accompanies the cloth, which has been studied by Burton and Edholm [ 1 ], could be important in the context of wind induced heat loss.. The, mechanism described here has been reported previously by Yankelevich in his study of the measurement of thermal insulation. The effect may have been neglected previously because measurements are often made on fabrics removed from bodies. The effect is an interaction between air permeability and both heat insulatiori and water vapor resistance. It is also an interaction between wind induced pressure differences round a body and these transfer properties. The obstruction of the body to the flow produces potentially uncomfortable and ultimately dangerous increases in its heat and water vapor losses.ABSTRACT 2-Imidazolidinone (ethyleneurea) and glyoxal in an equimolar ratio formed a water soluble, polymeric adduct that was reactive to cellulose. As a formaldehyde-free finishing agent for cotton fabric, it gave high wrinkle recovery angles but relatively low durable press ratings. The finish showed moderately good hydrolysis resistance and caused little discoloration even when the agent was a crude reaction mixture.Formaldehyde-free finishing agents for imparting wrinkle resistance and durable press properties to fabrics containing cotton have been made from the addition of glyoxal to amides [3,5]. In this paper we report on another agent of this class prepared from 2-imidazolidinone (ethyleneurea) and glyoxal. The properties imparted to cotton fabric by this agent differed in some respects from those imparted by formaldehyde-free agents existing at the time experimental work was started. Since that time, however, a finishing agent has been patented that is based on the same reagents but is prepared by a different procedure [4].

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Imidazolidinone-Glyoxal Reactant for Cellulose

Frick

Harper

1983

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectra of the Hydrolysis Products of Dimethylolethyleneurea and of Cotton Reacted with Dimethylolethyleneurea

Miles

Wall

McCall

1967

To obtain a better understanding of the breakdown of the crosslink between cotton cellulose and N-methylolethyleneurea compounds, it was desirable to identify the products of the acid hydrolysis of dimethylolethyleneurea (DMEU) and of fabric treated with DMEU. An approach to the identification of these hydrolysis products was made through a study of their nuclear magnetic resonance spectra. To interpret these spectra, an examination of spectra of some simpler urea derivatives was necessary. Evidence indicates that the products of miad acid hydrolysis of DMEU are unhydrolyzed DMEU, N-methylolethyleneurea, ethyleneurea and two polymeric forms of formaldehyde. The ethyleneurea ring was found to be stable to the hydrolysis conditions employed.

Inconsistencies in Theories of Resiliency in Chemically Treated Cotton

Benerito

1968

Current theories explaining dry and wet wrinkle recovery in cotton, with well- documented experiments in support of each, are reviewed and observations not predicted by these theories are cited. Factors that should be considered in the develop ment of a new theory consistent with all experimental facts are presented in terms of the hydrogen-bonded structure of cotton cellulose, the modern hydrogen-bonded structure of water, and the interrelations between cotton or chemically modified cottons and water.