Tensile property and interfacial dewetting in the calcite filled HDPE, LDPE, and LLDPE composites

Kwon, Sangmin; Kim, Hyun; Kundu, Patit Paban; Kim, Tae J; Lee, Young Kyung; Lee, Byung H.; Choe, Soonja

doi:10.1016/s0032-3861(02)00399-3

Cited by 71 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…20,21 In the present investigation, although LLDPE system displays small sizes of air holes than the previous report, 20,21 the PP system in the present study does not exhibit any air hole. Despite the same composition, the marked difference in the morphology may originate from the film preparation method.…”

Section: Morphologycontrasting

confidence: 61%

Effect of calcite and calcite/zeolite hybrid fillers on LLDPE and PP composites

et al. 2004

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ABSTRACT:The comparative tensile and impact properties and fracture morphologies between calcite and calcite/zeolite (hybrid) filled linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) and polypropylene (PP) composites have been studied. The incorporation of fillers into LLDPE, whether calcite or calcite/zeolite hybrid fillers, does not alter the T m of LLDPE, but slightly reduces the T m of PP. The melting peak area representing the heat of fusion of the crystal decreases with fillers; the effect of the calcite and the hybrid filler would be the same. The impact strength, Young's modulus, and yield stress of the calcite and the hybrid filled LLDPE increased, indicating a reinforcing effect of the fillers. In addition, the filled LLDPE decreases in elongation at break (EB) and ultimate tensile strength. However, the hybrid LLDPE composite exhibits slightly higher Young's modulus and ultimate tensile strength than the calcite one, while the same values of impact strength and yield stress were observed. In the PP system, the Young's modulus is enhanced, whereas the rest of the mechanical properties were reduced. From SEM photomicrographs of the hybrid filled composites, the tensile fractured surface CALCITE AND CALCITE/ZEOLITE HYBRID FILLERS ON LLDPE AND PP COMPOSITESof LLDPE dumbbell bar exhibits tearing surfaces while the composite shows formation of air holes and cracks in the LLDPE and PP system, respectively. Because of improved Young's modulus, yield strength, impact strength, and morphological observation along with substantial extension, the filled LLDPE composite with calcite/zeolite hybrid fillers is worth using for micro-porous film applications. C

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Section: Morphologycontrasting

confidence: 61%

Effect of calcite and calcite/zeolite hybrid fillers on LLDPE and PP composites

et al. 2004

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“…The inclusion of micron-sized CaCO 3 in low-density PE (LDPE, low crystallinity) enhances its modulus and yield stress but decreases its elongation at break. [19][20][21] The surface treatment of the particles with stearic acid reduces their reinforcing effect on the yield stress. In a stiff matrix, larger stresses develop around the inclusions and the probability of debonding increases, making this process the dominant deformation mechanism.…”

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confidence: 99%

Surfactant Chain Length and Tensile Properties of Calcium Carbonate‐Polyethylene Composites

Osman

Atallah

2007

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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Micron‐sized CaCO3 particles free of milling additives were coated with a monolayer of aliphatic carboxylic acids of different chain length (C2, C4, C5, C10, and C18). CaCO3 was compounded with LDPE at different loading, and the tensile properties of the composites were measured and correlated to the length of the alkyl chains tethered to the particles' surface. SEM indicated that the particles are well dispersed (no agglomerates). The inclusions show little influence on the polymer crystallization, and the filler surface treatment leads to a slight decrease in polymer crystallinity that grows with increasing chain length of the fatty acid. The tensile modulus, yield stress, and maximum stress increase with increasing filler volume fraction ϕ, and the dependence is a function of the length of the alkyl chains tethered to the CaCO3 surface. It seems that the interphase thickness and properties depend on the alkyl chain length and strongly influence the modulus and stresses measured. With increasing chain length in the coated organic layer, the interfacial adhesion between the inclusions and the polymer matrix decreases, and the fibril formation increases. The tensile properties are the result of a superimposition of all these effects. The yield and ultimate strains are dominated by the interfacial slippage (increases with growing alkyl chain length) that leads to debonding at high deformations. Surface treatment of CaCO3 with valeric acid leads to the maximum possible tensile modulus, yield stress, and tensile strength combined with a relatively small loss in yield and ultimate strain.magnified image

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“…After thorough washing, ESs were put in an oven at 90 C for 2 h. Dried ESs were grinded to fine powder, having particle size of 20 mm. Particle size of the ESs powder was further reduced close to 3.0 mm (coded as Unmodified ES, i.e., ES) so to match with the particle size of CaCO 3 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ES contains 95% by weight of CaCO 3 in the form of calcite and 5% by weight of other inorganic materials [10,11]. ES has a relatively lower density (0.4236 g/cm 3 ) compared to commercial CaCO 3 (0.4670 g/cm 3 ) [12], however the density difference of the composites will be prominent at higher filler loadings only. The generalized eggshell structure, which varies widely among species, is a protein matrix lined with mineral crystals, usually of a calcium compound such as CaCO 3 [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanical properties of modified biofiller‐polypropylene composites

et al. 2013

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This article reports the mechanical, thermal, and morphological properties of polypropylene (PP)-chicken eggshell (ES) composites. Mechanical properties like tensile strength, tensile modulus, izod impact strength, flexural modulus of PP composites with normal (unmodified) eggshell and chemically treated ES [modified ES (MES) with isophthalic acid] have been investigated. PP-calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) composites, at the same filler loadings, were also prepared and used as reference. The results showed that PP composites with chemically MES had better mechanical properties compared to the unmodified ES and CaCO 3 composites. An increase of about 3-18% in tensile modulus, 4-44% in izod impact strength and 1.5-26% in flexural modulus at different filler loading was observed in MES composites as compared to unmodified ES composites. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs of fractured tensile specimens confirmed better interfacial adhesion of MES with polymer matrix resulting into lower voids and plastic deformation resulting in improved mechanicals of the composites. TEM micrographs showed acicular needle shaped morphology for modified ES and have contributed to better dispersion which is the prime reason for enhancement of all the mechanical properties. At higher filler loading, the modulus of MES composite was found to be higher by 5% as compared to commercial CaCO 3 composites. POLYM. COMPOS., 35:708-714, 2014.

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Tensile property and interfacial dewetting in the calcite filled HDPE, LDPE, and LLDPE composites

Cited by 71 publications

References 17 publications

Effect of calcite and calcite/zeolite hybrid fillers on LLDPE and PP composites

Effect of calcite and calcite/zeolite hybrid fillers on LLDPE and PP composites

Surfactant Chain Length and Tensile Properties of Calcium Carbonate‐Polyethylene Composites

Mechanical properties of modified biofiller‐polypropylene composites

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