Tensile properties of the FFF-processed thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) elastomer

Abstract

Fused filament fabrication (FFF) has become one of the most popular, practical, and low-cost additive manufacturing techniques for fabricating geometrically-complex thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) elastomer. However, there are still some uncertainties concerning the relationship between several operating parameters applied in this technique and the mechanical properties of the processed material. In this research, the influences of extruder temperature and raster orientation on the mechanical properties of the FFF-processed TPU elastomer were studied. A series of uniaxial tensile tests was carried out to determine tensile strength, strain, and elastic modulus of TPU elastomer that had been printed with various extruder temperatures, i.e., 190–230 °C, and raster angles, i.e., 0–90°. Thermal and chemical characterizations were also conducted to support the analysis in this research. The results obviously showed the ductile and elastic characteristics of the FFF-processed TPU, with specific tensile strength and strain that could reach up to 39 MPa and 600%, respectively. The failure mechanisms operating on the FFF-processed TPU and the result of stress analysis by using the developed Mohr’s circle are also discussed in this paper. In conclusion, the extrusion temperature of 200 °C and raster angle of 0° could be preferred to be applied in the FFF process to achieve high strength and ductile TPU elastomer.

Mechanical Surface Treatments for Controlling Surface Integrity and Corrosion Resistance of Mg Alloy Implants: A Review

“…This results in an uneven plastic deformation distribution throughout the surface for extruded AZ31. SMATs were run for longer periods at 40 min [20] and 20 min [53], and it is found that regardless of material, longer SMAT treatment leads to lower SR due to overlapping adjacent impact craters. [20,33,34,53], (b,c) surface topography due to media indents [31,35], (d) hardness [20,35,54,55] and (e) residual stress [56] of Mg alloys.…”

“…SMATs were run for longer periods at 40 min [20] and 20 min [53], and it is found that regardless of material, longer SMAT treatment leads to lower SR due to overlapping adjacent impact craters. [20,33,34,53], (b,c) surface topography due to media indents [31,35], (d) hardness [20,35,54,55] and (e) residual stress [56] of Mg alloys. [20,33,34,53], (b,c) surface topography due to media indents [31,35], (d) hardness [20,35,54,55] and (e) residual stress [56] of Mg alloys.…”

“…[20,33,34,53], (b,c) surface topography due to media indents [31,35], (d) hardness [20,35,54,55] and (e) residual stress [56] of Mg alloys. [20,33,34,53], (b,c) surface topography due to media indents [31,35], (d) hardness [20,35,54,55] and (e) residual stress [56] of Mg alloys.…”

“…Iron contaminants were identified by EDS measurements in SMAT-treated AZ31 [53,57]. This means that the process must prevent potential fragment impingement [20,32].…”

Tribological Investigation of the Automotive Grade Aluminium Alloy With Epoxy Primer Coating

“…The properties of workpiece (like hardness, morphology and roughness) after abrasive blasting are determined by blasting media used during process. [2] Usually, after adequately prepared surface, different methods of coatings are applied to base material in order to protect it against degradation.…”