Tensile properties of composite metal foam and composite metal foam core sandwich panels

Marx, Jacob; Rabiei, Afsaneh

doi:10.1177/1099636220942880

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…where E is material's modulus, and ρ is its density. Considering the fact that the density of S-S CMF is about 35% that of bulk steel [15] and its tensile modulus of elasticity is 2.3% that of bulk steel (E S-S CMF ¼ 4.35 GPa [23] and E stainless steel ¼ 193 GPa [25] ), the impedance of S-S CMF core is about 9% that of steel face sheets. As such, at the time of impact of the steel ball to the sandwich panel's face sheet, tensile stresses are created due to the sudden changes in mechanical impedance between stainless steel face sheets and S-S CMF core as well as the stainless steel back face and air.…”

Section: Round 1 Of Experiments With Lower Impact Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As such, it amplifies the grain growth within the matrix and sphere walls and promotes Cr-rich carbides precipitations (M 23 C 6 ) in the material and mostly within the sphere walls as well as diffusion of carbon from the spheres to its surrounding matrix. [23,24] The increase in grain size and decreased carbon content in spheres are expected to increase the ductility of the material and reduce its overall hardness, whereas the additional carbides precipitations are expected to improve the hardness of the sphere walls. [17] The combination of larger grain structure and low porosities in sphere walls with larger porosities and small grain structure in the matrix can offer high ductility and toughness of the material under loading, particularly in compression.…”

Section: Microstructural Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Study on Puncture Resistance of Composite Metal Foam Core Sandwich Panels

et al. 2020

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Each year, millions of tons of hazardous materials are shipped through railroads in North America. [1] These shipments contain poisonous, flammable, explosive, or radioactive materials that are harmful to humans and the environment. [2] Accidents involving these tank cars can create punctures that release these hazardous materials into the surrounding area, resulting in human fatalities and substantial damage to the environment. [2] In 2005, a Norfolk Southern Railway Company train collided with another train in Graniteville, South Carolina. [2] The impact punctured a chlorine containing tank car and the subsequent release of material resulted in nine fatalities due to chlorine vapor inhalation. [2] A similar incident occurred one year earlier in Macdona, Texas, when a Union Pacific Railroad freight train struck a Burlington Northern Santa Fe (BNSF) Railway Company freight train. [3] This accident punctured a chlorine containing tank car on the Union Pacific train releasing a noxious cloud of chlorine gas into the surrounding area. [3] This noxious cloud resulted in the deaths of the train conductor and two residents of the area. [3] A significant example of the destruction that a punctured tank car causes can be seen in the Lac-Mégantic rail disaster in July 2013, which resulted in 47 casualties and 2000 evacuations. [4] Fire started immediately around the punctured tank cars carrying crude oil. The fire caused further breaches to almost all of the 63 tank cars that had derailed. [4] Whether the derailment of a hazardous material carrying tank car is caused by a fault in the railroad tracks or a fault in the tank car itself, it is important to increase the puncture resistance of the tank cars, so that similar situations do not happen. Some have suggested a speed limit reduction for tank cars carrying hazardous materials, but examples, such as the Seabrook, Texas derailment in January 2005, which occurred at only 5 mph, show that even at lower speeds, puncture occured and was followed by the spilled diesel fuel catching fire. [5] To prevent future accidents, the Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) has shifted its research focus from tank car safety under normal loading conditions to safety under accident conditions. [6] This has resulted in new standards for tank car survivability during impacts. [6] According to the 2019-2020 National Transportation Safety Board Most Wanted List for safety recommendations, only 16 percent of tank cars carrying flammable liquids meet the improved safety specifications for the DOT-117 and DOT-117R tank cars. [7] The improved requirements include a thicker shell of 1.4 cm (9/16 of an inch) and added thermal protection. [8] The Association of American Railroads' Manual of Standards and Recommended Practices, Section C-III, Specification for Tank Cars identifies two grades of steel suitable for the construction of railcar tanks. [9] TC128, Grade B, is a high-strength carbon manganese steel, whereas the Association of American Railroad (AAR) and American Society for Testing and Mate...

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Section: Round 1 Of Experiments With Lower Impact Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Microstructural Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study on Puncture Resistance of Composite Metal Foam Core Sandwich Panels

et al. 2020

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“…The developed model was verified by comparing the results of the models from the existing literature and the finite element method (FEM). 40 Marx and Rabiei 41 proposed an experimental setup to determine the mechanical properties of a steel-steel composite metal foam (SS-CMF) and composite metal foam core sandwich panels (SS-CMF-CSP) manufactured and tested under quasi-static tension. Ye et al presented a new higher-order refined analysis model to analyze a sandwich plate's static and free vibration with a soft functionally graded material core.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acoustic modeling of honeycomb structures for second load direction with damping consideration

Saffar

2022

Building Acoustics

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The control of low-frequency noise in buildings has become a critical issue because of the inadequate sound insulation in low frequencies (<200 Hz) for most partitions and doors. In the present study, an analytical model has been proposed to specify the relationship between the acoustic parameters such as acoustic impedance of honeycomb and the honeycomb geometry. In this regards, three materials (Polycarbonate, Polypropylene, and Polyurethane), seven angles (45°, 30°, 15°, 0°, −15°, −30°, −45°), and three cell arrangement (1 × 1, 2 × 2, and 3 × 3) were considered to find out the effect of these parameters on the sound absorption coefficient. Sound absorption in the frequency range of 1–500 Hz for angles of 45°, 30°, 15°, 0°, −15°, −30°, −45° was demonstrated using MATLAB software. A comparison of the results showed that the greater the angle’s absolute value, the more the sound absorption coefficient. By comparing all three materials’ absorption coefficient values, it was concluded that the 1 × 1 arrangement had greater absorption than the 2 × 2 and 3 × 3 arrangements. Also, the number of resonance peaks of polyurethane material for all angles was greater than the others in the same frequency range. Then, the panel with the honeycomb core of Polyurethane and 1 × 1 arrangement was recommended for cells with an internal angle of −45° in the present research case study for having more sound absorption.

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“…FIGURE 5 (A) and (B) Stress-Strain curves from the sources in Table3. (C) Stress-Strain curve byMarx and Rabiei (2020) also presented in Table3.…”

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confidence: 99%

Metal foams: A review for mechanical properties under tensile and shear stress

Kalpakoglou

Yiatros

2022

Front. Mater.

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Due to their mechanical properties, metal foams are used in various fields. The aim of the present research is to collect different studies about the important mechanical properties of metal foams, such as Young’s modulus, tensile and shear strength, relative density, etc. under tensile and shear loading. Gaps were identified in the methodological embodiments of the experiments due to the use of different standards, as well as in the calculation of mechanical properties through mathematical relations in tensile and shear, which led to deviations between the experimental results and these. Furthermore, this work records sequences and connections between experimental results of different tasks as well as solutions to the aforementioned issues.

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Tensile properties of composite metal foam and composite metal foam core sandwich panels

Cited by 17 publications

References 50 publications

A Study on Puncture Resistance of Composite Metal Foam Core Sandwich Panels

A Study on Puncture Resistance of Composite Metal Foam Core Sandwich Panels

Acoustic modeling of honeycomb structures for second load direction with damping consideration

Metal foams: A review for mechanical properties under tensile and shear stress

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