Tensile Characterization of Porcine Temporomandibular Joint Disc Attachments

Murphy, Meghan K.; Arzi, Boaz; Hu, Jerry C.; Athanasiou, Kyriacos A.

doi:10.1177/0022034513494817

Cited by 27 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…19 The discs were excised en bloc, as previously described. 20 Samples were taken from anterior (A), posterior (P), lateral (L), medial (M), and central (C) regions for analyses. Before TMJ excision, structural elements of the TMJ were evaluated using cone beam computer tomography (CBCT).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Yucatan Minipig Temporomandibular Joint Disc Structure–Function Relationships Support Its Suitability for Human Comparative Studies

Vapniarsky

Aryaei

Arzi

et al. 2017

Tissue Engineering Part C: Methods

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Frequent involvement of the disc in temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders warrants attempts to tissue engineer TMJ disc replacements. Physiologically, a great degree of similarity is seen between humans and farm pigs (FPs), but the pig's rapid growth confers a significant challenge for in vivo experiments. Minipigs have a slower growth rate and are smaller than FPs, but minipig TMJ discs have yet to be fully characterized. The objective of this study was to determine the suitability of the minipig for TMJ studies by extensive structural and functional characterization. The properties of minipig TMJ discs closely reproduced previously reported morphological, biochemical, and biomechanical values of human and FP discs. The width/length dimension ratio of the minipig TMJ disc was 1.95 (1.69 for human and 1.94 for FP). The biochemical evaluation revealed, on average per wet weight, 24.3% collagen (22.8% for human and 24.9% for FP); 0.8% glycosaminoglycan (GAG; 0.5% for human and 0.4% for FP); and 0.03% DNA (0.008% for human and 0.02% for FP). Biomechanical testing revealed, on average, compressive relaxation modulus of 50 kPa (37 kPa for human and 32 kPa for FP), compressive instantaneous modulus of 1121 kPa (1315 kPa for human and 1134 kPa for FP), and coefficient of viscosity of 13 MPa$s (9 MPa$s for human and 3 MPa$s for FP) at 20% strain. These properties also varied topographically in accordance to those of human and FP TMJ discs. Anisotropy, quantified by bidirectional tensile testing and histology, again was analogous among minipig, human, and FP TMJ discs. The minipig TMJ's ginglymoarthrodial nature was verified through cone beam computer tomography. Collectively, the similarities between minipig and human TMJ discs support the use of minipig as a relevant model for TMJ research; considering the practical advantages conferred by its growth rate and size, the minipig may be a preferred model over FP.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Yucatan Minipig Temporomandibular Joint Disc Structure–Function Relationships Support Its Suitability for Human Comparative Studies

Vapniarsky

Aryaei

Arzi

et al. 2017

Tissue Engineering Part C: Methods

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show abstract

“…These correspond to the most common directions of disc displacement, suggesting compromised attachments contribute to disc displacement [12].…”

Section: Pathology Influences Biomechanicalmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…Additionally, anisotropy was demonstrated in the fibrocartilaginous TMJ discal attachments. Anteroposteriorly, the lateral attachment was stiffest (8.3 MPa) compared to the anterior superior (1.4 MPa) attachment [12]. Mediolaterally, the posterior superior attachment stiffness (16.3 MPa) exceeded that of the medial attachment (1.4 MPa) [12].…”

Section: Mechanical Properties Vary Topographicallymentioning

confidence: 90%

“…In the TMJ, the greatest strains were observed in the lateral attachments in the mediolateral direction and the posterior superior attachment in the anteroposterior direction [12]. These correspond to the most common directions of disc displacement, suggesting compromised attachments contribute to disc displacement [12].…”

Section: Pathology Influences Biomechanicalmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Anteroposteriorly, the lateral attachment was stiffest (8.3 MPa) compared to the anterior superior (1.4 MPa) attachment [12]. Mediolaterally, the posterior superior attachment stiffness (16.3 MPa) exceeded that of the medial attachment (1.4 MPa) [12]. Tensile properties of articular cartilage also exhibit substantial depth dependence, decreasing by 40% from the superficial zone to the deep zone [13].…”

Section: Mechanical Properties Vary Topographicallymentioning

confidence: 96%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Harnessing Biomechanics to Develop Cartilage Regeneration Strategies

Athanasiou

Responte²,

Brown

et al. 2015

Journal of Biomechanical Engineering

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laboratory over the past 25 years. The prevalence and severity of degeneration of articular cartilage, a tissue whose main function is largely biomechanical, have motivated the development of cartilage tissue engineering approaches informed by biomechanics. This article provides a review of important steps toward regeneration of articular cartilage with suitable biomechanical properties. As a first step, biomechanical and biochemical characterization studies at the tissue level were used to provide design criteria for engineering neotissues. Extending this work to the single cell and subcellular levels has helped to develop biochemical and mechanical stimuli for tissue engineering studies. This strong mechanobiological foundation guided studies on regenerating hyaline articular cartilage, the knee meniscus, and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) fibrocartilage. Initial tissue engineering efforts centered on developing biodegradable scaffolds for cartilage regeneration. After many years of studying scaffold-based cartilage engineering, scaffoldless approaches were developed to address deficiencies of scaffold-based systems, resulting in the self-assembling process. This process was further improved by employing exogenous stimuli, such as hydrostatic pressure, growth factors, and matrix-modifying and catabolic agents, both singly and in synergistic combination to enhance neocartilage functional properties. Due to the high cell needs for tissue engineering and the limited supply of native articular chondrocytes, costochondral cells are emerging as a suitable cell source. Looking forward, additional cell sources are investigated to render these technologies more translatable. For example, dermis isolated adult stem (DIAS) cells show potential as a source of chondrogenic cells. The challenging problem of enhanced integration of engineered cartilage with native cartilage is approached with both familiar and novel methods, such as lysyl oxidase (LOX). These diverse tissue engineering strategies all aim to build upon thorough biomechanical characterizations to produce functional neotissue that ultimately will help combat the pressing problem of cartilage degeneration. As our prior research is reviewed, we look to establish new pathways to comprehensively and effectively address the complex problems of musculoskeletal cartilage regeneration.

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The influence of maxillary incisor angles on the stress distributions of temporomandibular joints under incisal biting

Shao

Chong

et al. 2023

Numer Methods Biomed Eng

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Background and Objective: The incisal biting was one of the most regular jaw activities. The direction of bite force on the incisor tip and the mandible position were relevant to the incisor angle as biting. This study was carried out to explore the influence on the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) caused by the incisor angle. Methods: Twenty individuals belonging to three incisor subtypes of the buccal type were recruited. In addition, the 3D models including the maxillary, mandible and discs were established based on their cone-beam computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging scannings. Then, the mandibular ligaments and the discal attachments were simulated in the finite element models to analyze the stress distributions of the TMJs under incisal biting. Results:The TMJ stresses of subtype I showed normal range and distribution. The stresses of the intermediate temporal bone tended to increase in subtype II. The intermediate and posterior bands of the discs sustained greater tensile stresses in subtype III.Conclusions: Abnormal stress distributions are harmful to TMJs, so the incisor cusp was not suggested to incline to the palatal side too much. K E Y W O R D Sfinite element analysis (FEA), incisal biting, incisor angles, maxillary incisor, temporomandibular joint (TMJ)

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Tensile Characterization of Porcine Temporomandibular Joint Disc Attachments

Cited by 27 publications

References 27 publications

The Yucatan Minipig Temporomandibular Joint Disc Structure–Function Relationships Support Its Suitability for Human Comparative Studies

The Yucatan Minipig Temporomandibular Joint Disc Structure–Function Relationships Support Its Suitability for Human Comparative Studies

Harnessing Biomechanics to Develop Cartilage Regeneration Strategies

The influence of maxillary incisor angles on the stress distributions of temporomandibular joints under incisal biting

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