“…Fabricating bulk GRMMCs with steps involving metal melts processing, such as Mg [103,110,111,138] and Al [87,94,98,120,[139][140][141], has been reported. Rashad et al [110,111] used the disintegrated melt deposition (DMD) technique to fabricate 1.5 wt% GNP-reinforced Mg-6Zn alloy and 3 wt% GNP-reinforced AZ61 Mg alloy, respectively.…”
Section: Molten or Liquid Metal Processesmentioning
This paper provides a critical review on the current status of graphene-reinforced metal matrix composites (GRMMCs) in an effort to guide future work on this topic. Metal matrix composites are preferred over other types of composites for their ability to meet engineering and structural demands. Graphene is considered an ideal reinforcement material for composites due to its unique structure and extraordinary physical, thermal, and electrical properties. Incorporating graphene as a reinforcement in metals is a way of harnessing its extraordinary properties, resulting in an enhanced metallic behavior for a wide variety of applications. Combining graphene with bulk metal matrices is a recent endeavor that has proven to have merit. A systematic study is needed to critically examine the efforts applied in this field, the successes achieved, and the challenges faced. This review highlights the three main pillars of GRMMCs: synthesis, structure, and properties. First, it discusses the synthesis techniques utilized for the fabrication of GRMMCs. Then, it highlights the resulting microstructures of the composites, including graphene dispersion and interfacial interactions. Finally, it summarizes the enhancements in the mechanical, electrical, thermal, and tribological properties of GRMMCs, while highlighting the effects of graphene type and content on those enhancements.
“…Fabricating bulk GRMMCs with steps involving metal melts processing, such as Mg [103,110,111,138] and Al [87,94,98,120,[139][140][141], has been reported. Rashad et al [110,111] used the disintegrated melt deposition (DMD) technique to fabricate 1.5 wt% GNP-reinforced Mg-6Zn alloy and 3 wt% GNP-reinforced AZ61 Mg alloy, respectively.…”
Section: Molten or Liquid Metal Processesmentioning
This paper provides a critical review on the current status of graphene-reinforced metal matrix composites (GRMMCs) in an effort to guide future work on this topic. Metal matrix composites are preferred over other types of composites for their ability to meet engineering and structural demands. Graphene is considered an ideal reinforcement material for composites due to its unique structure and extraordinary physical, thermal, and electrical properties. Incorporating graphene as a reinforcement in metals is a way of harnessing its extraordinary properties, resulting in an enhanced metallic behavior for a wide variety of applications. Combining graphene with bulk metal matrices is a recent endeavor that has proven to have merit. A systematic study is needed to critically examine the efforts applied in this field, the successes achieved, and the challenges faced. This review highlights the three main pillars of GRMMCs: synthesis, structure, and properties. First, it discusses the synthesis techniques utilized for the fabrication of GRMMCs. Then, it highlights the resulting microstructures of the composites, including graphene dispersion and interfacial interactions. Finally, it summarizes the enhancements in the mechanical, electrical, thermal, and tribological properties of GRMMCs, while highlighting the effects of graphene type and content on those enhancements.
“…The molten metal vortex created by the stirring action, have to drawing all the reinforcement particles towards the inner core, thus avoiding floating of particles and achieving even distribution. 26 Figure 3.Microstructure and XRD analysis of fabricated composites: (a) A0; (b) AZ; (c) AH; (d) AZH; (e) XRD analysis on A0 and AZH.…”
This paper reports on the effect of ZrB2 and hBN solid lubricant particles on the dry sliding wear behaviour of the AA7075 composite, fabricated by stir-squeeze cast technique. ZrB2 and hBN at levels of 5 wt% were chosen as reinforcements for the study. The optical microscope images revealed uniform distribution of particles and a low order of porosity in microstructure, possibly due to the squeeze pressure. The ZrB2 particles reinforced composite (AZ) showed an improvement in hardness compared to as-cast (A0) and hBN containing composite (AH). A minor reduction in the hardness of ZrB2–hBN hybrid composite (AZH) was observed. This is attributed to changes in the hardness induced by the individual ZrB2 and hBN particles. The hybrid composite (AZH) exhibits a superior wear resistance, possibly due to the formation of good quality B2O3 and H3BO3 self-lubricating film.
“…These composites have been manufactured to produce lightweight components with high, specific mechanical properties such as wear resistance, thus they have been applied in the automotive and aeronautical industry where the reduction of weight, wear, friction, and low coefficient of thermal expansion are important [1]. A situation to consider is that, to date, the production of the AMC's has been conducted through very sophisticated methods, using a special aluminum alloy [8,10,11] or using very special reinforcing materials, such as graphene [17][18][19]. Depending on the route of processing and according to the findings in the literature, the incorporation of non-metallic ceramic reinforcements in aluminum increase the mechanical properties of AMC's, resulting advantages such as: hardness, strength, fatigue, fracture, degradation, and corrosion resistance, due to the small grain size and homogeneity of their microstructures [20].…”
Aluminum matrix composites have recently taken an important role in advanced applications because they have a good combination of physical and chemical properties. For this reason, in this work, aluminum composites, with additions of ceramic particles (mullite or tungsten carbide), were manufactured in order to determine the effect of those particles on the mechanical properties and microstructure of aluminum. The manufacture of the composites was carried out by means of powder metallurgy. We studied composites with additions of 0.5 and 1 vol.% of the respective ceramic. Composites were sintered at 580 and 601 °C, which corresponds to 88 and 91% of the melting point of aluminum, respectively. Observations in SEM, together with EDX analysis, confirm that mullite particles are located at intragranular and transgranular positions of the aluminum matrix, while tungsten carbide particles were found mostly at intragranular areas of the matrix. From the analysis of the studied ceramics, it was found that with the use of mullite, there are greater improvements in the hardness and elastic modulus of the manufactured composite.
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