“…On the other hand, some researchers have focused on the experimental determination of fracture toughness value for rocks or geo-materials under different loading modes, different temperatures and different confining pressures. [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] Due to the cylindrical shape of rock cores, disc and circular type specimens are among the common and frequently used test configurations for conducting the rock fracture toughness experiments. Center cracked Brazilian disc, 15,26 edge cracked semi-circular bend, [25][26][27][28] edge notched disc subjected to three-point bending, 19,20,23 single or double edge notched diametral compressed disc 14,24,29 punch through shear, 30,31 short rod tension, 15,16 and edge cracked cylinder loaded with threepoint bending 15,16 are examples of testing configurations and methods for determining the fracture toughness of rock and geo-materials.…”