Teñido De Lana Por Agotamiento Con Nanoarcillas Y Extractos De Achiote (Bixa Orellana)

Abstract

Nanotechnology is used to generate new nanometric structures. The objective of this research was to develop the formation of a nanopigment using the carotenoid dyes from Achiote (Bixa Orellana) to optimize molecular compaction in 100% wool tissue. For the formation of the nanopigment, 10g of nanoclays were used: Trimethyl stearyl ammonium or Montmorillonite, K10, Halloysite and Bentonite hydrated separately in 2L of deionized water. The concentration was 0.005 g / L; then, with the achiote extracts previously separated with sodium and potassium hydroxide, a solution of 10g of solid pigment and 10g of liquid dye was made separately in 1L of demineralized water: the concentration was 0.01 g / L. The mixing for the cationic exchange between the nanoclay and the pigment is carried out at a ratio of ¼, that is, 100 ml of nanoclay in 400 ml of solid pigment. The same was done with the liquid dye; With the nanopigment formed, 17 wool tissue samples were dyed. The method used is the experimental one; the analysis used color measurement with a spectrophotometer; fastness to washing, loading and unloading to rubbing is assessed; the ultraviolet protection factor UPF of the tissue is evaluated. The Cie94 Delta-E color fastness shows significant color changes. Regarding washing and rubbing, they show differences mostly on a 5/4 scale (excellent / very good) and minimal (between medium / low) 3/2; In addition, the results of the UV-Visible Spectrophotometry measurements of the UVA sun protection factor were low in wool, therefore it was concluded that it has greater protection from ultraviolet rays: this could represent less damage to the skin.