Tendinopathy: Update on Pathophysiology

Abstract

Synopsis Tendinopathy has become the accepted term to describe a spectrum of changes that occur in damaged and/or diseased tendons. Over the past 2 decades, there have been new insights into tendon pathophysiology of relevance to clinicians, including (1) better characterization of the overuse injury process and the resultant structural and functional disruption in chronically painful tendons, (2) improved understanding of the pathomechanics associated with chronic tendon injury, and (3) greater knowledge about the influence of lifestyle factors and drugs on tendon pathology. The implications of these new insights are discussed. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2015;45(11):833-841. Epub 21 Sep 2015. doi:10.2519/jospt.2015.5884.

Tendinitis of the Temporalis muscle: Differential diagnosis and treatment. A Case Report.

“…The third stage called remodeling has a consolidation phase, in which cellularity would be reduced, type-III collagen would be replaced by type-I collagen and the organization of the fibers would occur; and a phase of maturation, where the intertwining of fibers and mature tissue formation would be promoted 3,4,6 .…”

“…The second stage is called proliferative or reparative, in which cellularity and water uptake would increase, and fibroblasts would produce type-III collagen 3,4,6 . The third stage called remodeling has a consolidation phase, in which cellularity would be reduced, type-III collagen would be replaced by type-I collagen and the organization of the fibers would occur; and a phase of maturation, where the intertwining of fibers and mature tissue formation would be promoted 3,4,6 .…”

“…Three healing/repair phases have been established. The first is called inflammatory phase, where neutrophils, monocytes and macrophages release interleukins and angiotensin resulting in a vascular network 3,4,6 .…”

“…Tendinopathies, tendinitis or tendinosis 3 , are widely distributed in the population and are the result of acute or chronic lesions 4 . Tendinitis of temporalis muscle (TTM) has been described as a degenerative and inflammatory process of the tendon of the muscle at the insertion of Sharpey's fibers.…”

Tendinopathy and Sports: Understanding the Problem and Options of Management-perspectives from Physiotherapy, Sports Medicine, and Orthopedics

“…1 Tendinopathy or tendinosis is a common, yet highly debated disorder of the tendons, seen in individuals of all age groups, most frequently in the active adult population. The disorder is characterized by localized tenderness and pain, which is signifi cantly exacerbated when the load on the tendon is increased, resulting in loss of function and performance.…”