Tendencia en la prevalencia de anemia entre mujeres mexicanas en edad reproductiva 2006-2016. Ensanut MC 2016

Shamah‐Levy, Teresa; Mejía‐Rodríguez, Fabiola; Gómez-Humarán, Ignacio Méndez; Cruz-Góngora, Vanessa De la; Mundo‐Rosas, Verónica; Villalpando, Salvador

doi:10.21149/8820

Cited by 12 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Mothers were considered for inclusion in the study if they were between18 to 39 years of age, in gestation weeks between 3 to 22, planned to live in the area of Cuernavaca for 3 years after delivery, and with the intention of delivery at the IMSS General Hospital in Cuernavaca. Exclusion criteria included woman with (1) more than one fetus, (2) high-risk pregnancy, (3) history or diagnosis of hypertension, (4) hypertensive diseases of pregnancy, (5) with renal, liver, heart or cardiovascular disease, (6) endocrine disorders, (7) preterm births (<37 weeks gestation), and (8) abuse of drugs.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nowadays, more than 70% of women of reproductive age have a body mass index (BMI) above 25kg/m 2 [2]; furthermore, around 30% of women are expected to have a BMI>30kg/m 2 when they become pregnant [3]. At the same time, anemia has declined since the 1990s but the current prevalence of anemia in women of reproductive age is still high at 22% [4]. Furthermore, overweight and anemia during pregnancy are associated with adverse health outcomes in mother and offspring [5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pre-pregnancy overweight and weight gain during pregnancy increase the risk of gestational anemia

Cantoral¹,

Christensen²,

Solano³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Objective: To study the double burden of overweight and anemia in Mexican women during pregnancy and if pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and weight gain are associated with the development of anemia. Methods: In a sample of 98 pregnant women from an ongoing birth cohort, weight and hemoglobin at different gestational weeks, as well as pre-pregnancy BMI (self-reported) were obtained. An adjusted logistic model for longitudinal data was used to estimate the probability of presenting anemia according to pre-pregnancy overweight status (BMI > 25kg/m 2 ) and weight gain, including an interaction term between these two variables. Results: At the end of pregnancy the combined prevalence of overweight and anemia was 18%. The probability of developing anemia was different from zero among overweight women at the beginning of pregnancy and weight gain > 6.5kg kg (up to 8%, p <0.05); furthermore, the prevalence was higher than zero in those women with a normal pre-pregnancy BMI (<25kg/m 2 ) and a weight gain < 12 Kg (up to 9%, p <0.05). Conclusion: anemia increases with the combinations of low weight gain in women with a normal pre-pregnancy BMI as well as excessive weight gain in women with pre-pregnancy overweight.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pre-pregnancy overweight and weight gain during pregnancy increase the risk of gestational anemia

Cantoral¹,

Christensen²,

Solano³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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show abstract

“…Mexico's national health and nutrition survey, ENSANUT (1999ENSANUT ( , 2006ENSANUT ( , 2012ENSANUT ( , and 2016 In Mexico, nixtamalization has been the process used since Mesoamerican times to treat corn with lime before grinding it to a dough ("nixtamal masa", or just "nixtamal") to make tortillas, which is the main staple food commodity [13,14]. Nixtamal masa can be flash dried to make a nixtamalized corn flour, which can also be utilized to make tortillas by rehydrating the flour to make dough.…”

Section: Figure 1 Prevalence Of Anemia In Children Under 5 Years In mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…IDA prevalence in Mexican children under 5 years of age decreased since the implementation of the mandatory flour fortification program to 23.3% from the years 1999 to 2006, but increased in 2016 to 26.9% (see Figure 1) [9,10]. The exact cause of the recent increase (2012-2016) is unknown, but experts believe it may be attributed to the nutritional transition occurring in Mexico, in which foods rich in iron are being replaced with foods rich in energy and poor in micronutrients [38]. While the Mexican government attributes the decrease in anemia prevalence (1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006) to the flour fortification program and other government nutrition initiatives, they also acknowledge a lack of impact evaluation of this program to confirm this hypothesis.…”

Section: Nutrition Themementioning

confidence: 99%

Stakeholder’s Perceptions of Mexico’s Federal Corn Flour Fortification Program: A Qualitative Study

et al. 2020

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Background: In Mexico, the fortification of corn and wheat flours with iron, zinc, and folic acid and the restoration of B-vitamins is a mandatory program. However, the monitoring and evaluation (M&E) of this fortification process is not well understood. Thus, the purpose of the study was to understand the M&E of the food fortification program in Mexico, with an emphasis on technology research and development. Methods: Open-ended exploratory interviews were conducted with food technology representatives (n = 9), food science academic faculty (n = 1), president of a private tortilla-making federation (n = 1), and representatives of the federal monitoring agency (n = 2). Interviews were transcribed and themes were identified using the content analysis methodology. Inter-rater reliability was assessed by calculating an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) between the raters (n = 3). Results: A total of 49 codes were identified that resulted in three overarching themes, manufacturing/processing, monitoring logistics, and nutrition. Overall, there is a need for more robust internal and external M&E with Mexico’s fortification program to improve the manufacturing/processing of fortifying the tortillas, the monitoring of this fortification program, and the impact the fortified tortillas have on the nutritional status of the Mexican population. The overall ICC was 0.87. Conclusions: The present study can be used to gain insight into Mexico’s fortification program and to inform food fortification policymakers of best practices.

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“…8,9 Sin embargo, en 2016 esto se incrementó a 18.3% a nivel nacional y en 22.5 % en el tercil socioeconómico más bajo. 10 De acuerdo con la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS), la magnitud de la anemia en México sigue siendo un problema de salud pública que requiere atención. 11 A nivel nacional, las estrategias nutricionales que han documentado efectividad para combatir la anemia son la suplementación y la fortificación de alimentos en mujeres embarazadas y en edad fértil, lactantes y niños.…”

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Alta prevalencia de anemia en mujeres mexicanas en pobreza, Ensanut 100k

et al. 2019

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Objetivo. Estimar la prevalencia y distribución de anemia en mujeres mexicanas y su asociación con factores sociodemográficos y la diversidad de la dieta. Material y métodos. Se incluyeron mujeres en edad fértil de la encuesta probabilística Ensanut 100k, que representa a los hogares con menos capacidades económicas. Se estimó la prevalencia de anemia mediante concentración de hemoglobina, con información sociodemográfica, de salud, inseguridad alimentaria y diversidad de la dieta. Resultados. El 34.3% de las mujeres presentó anemia; los factores protectores para anemia fueron pertenecer al tercil 3 de condición de bienestar (OR=0.26, IC95% 0.16-0.61), alta diversidad de la dieta en áreas rurales (OR=0.57, IC95%0.36-0.92), así como vivir en un hogar con seguridad alimentaria. Conclusiones. Es necesario implementar acciones de detección y atención temprana de la anemia en las mujeres de edad fértil, así como identificar las causas subyacentes y fortalecer y reformular estrategias para prevenirla.

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Tendencia en la prevalencia de anemia entre mujeres mexicanas en edad reproductiva 2006-2016. Ensanut MC 2016

Cited by 12 publications

References 14 publications

Pre-pregnancy overweight and weight gain during pregnancy increase the risk of gestational anemia

Pre-pregnancy overweight and weight gain during pregnancy increase the risk of gestational anemia

Stakeholder’s Perceptions of Mexico’s Federal Corn Flour Fortification Program: A Qualitative Study

Alta prevalencia de anemia en mujeres mexicanas en pobreza, Ensanut 100k

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