Tendencia de la mortalidad por cáncer en Argentina, Cuba y Uruguay en un período de 15 años

Abstract

Introduction Cancer is the second cause of death in Argentina, Cuba and Uruguay during the last decade, cancer mortality has shown a decrease trend in developed countries. Objective To describe mortality trends over time by cancer site in Argentina, Cuba and Uruguay during 1990-2005. Methods For each cancer site, country and gender, age-group specific and standardised (overall) rates were calculated by direct method (using the world standard population). The jointpoint regression analysis was used to identify the best-fitting points were a statistically significant change in the trend occurred and annual percent change was also estimated. Results Total cancer mortality rates decline during the whole period excepting for Cuba. Lung: a negative tendency was observed in men in Argentina and Uruguay (annual percent change:-2.25 and-1.28 % respectively), and increased in women (annual percent change: 1,75, 2,83 and 3,02) in Argentina, Uruguay and Cuba respectively. Breast: Negative trends were observed in the three countries. Prostate: it is the second cause of mortality in men in Cuba and Uruguay , and third in Argentina. A negative change in the tendency was observed from 1993 (Cuba) and 1998 (Argentina). Colon/recto: Decreasing rates were shown in Argentina in both sexes whereas not changes were noted in Cuba and Uruguay. Esophagus: Negative trends were detected in Argentina and Uruguay. Uterus: in the three countries mortality for Uterus non-specified was similar to cervix, diminishing for Argentina and Uruguay, while increased in Cuba. Body of uterus mortality http://scielo.sld.cu diminished in Argentina. Conclusions Mortality trends in Cuba indicate an increasing for the tobacco related-cancer. Enhancing quality of death certification could mask a negative tendency of the mortality for cervix cancer. Negative trends in prostate cancer might be view from the impact of advances in diagnosis and treatment.

A mathematical model of absorbing Markov chains to understand the routes of metastasis

“…Int are shown the tumors with more than one stage of metastasis (given the nearest integer, one stage or a step is the first metastasis in a secondary site, and two steps is the second metastasis in a tertiary site). Bladder and Thyroid have a higher number of steps, Lung and Kidney have the maximal steps around two, this coincides with the main trend of mortality in males due to these tumors [12], [21].…”

“…1, it can be seen that the Lung is the principal link. Although the principal primary sites are Prostate, Colon or Rectum, Lung tumor is the most common but usually comes from some primary site, being the principal secondary site ( [12], [13]).…”

“…Given this slight uncertainty, the qualitative information ([10], [15]), we assume an equal probability that an organ X 0 (primary site), reaches other one X 1 (secondary site), this is under the assumption a metastasis is detected and based in the possibles routes as previously discussed. For other cases, where there are not predominant organs for metastasis from a specific primary site (according references [10], [12] and [13]), we will assume zero probability in order to work only the predominant sites of metastasis.…”

Prostate cancer genetic alterations in Hispanic men

“…Prostate cancer is the most common cancer among Hispanic and Latino men in the United States, accounting for more than 17,600 new cases and 2400 deaths per year 1 . It is also one of the leading causes of cancer death among men in Latin American countries 2–4 . However, there is a lack of representation of Hispanic and Latino men in genomic studies of prostate cancer.…”

“…1 It is also one of the leading causes of cancer death among men in Latin American countries. [2][3][4] However, there is a lack of representation of Hispanic and Latino men in genomic studies of prostate cancer. For example, a review of patient data from The Cancer Genome Atlas Program (TCGA) database showed that only 3% of patients self-reported as Hispanic or Latino.…”