Ten years of <scp>MON</scp> 810 resistance monitoring of field populations of <i>Ostrinia nubilalis</i> in Europe

Thieme, Thomas; Buuk, Christoph; Gloyna, K.; Ortego, Félix; Farinós, Gema P.

doi:10.1111/jen.12420

Cited by 28 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“… 35 . Consequently, we were able use molting as a measure of resistance, similar to studies with Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner) 40 . Here, exuviae were clearly visible through the sealing film and provided a non-invasive determination of sublethal effects that could be recorded over time, whereas dry weight could only be collected at the end of each experiment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new artificial diet for western corn rootworm larvae is compatible with and detects resistance to all current Bt toxins

Ludwick

Meihls

Huynh

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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Insect resistance to transgenic crops is a growing concern for farmers, regulatory agencies, the seed industry, and researchers. Since 2009, instances of field-evolved Bt resistance or cross resistance have been documented for each of the four Bt proteins available for western corn rootworm (WCR), a major insect pest. To characterize resistance, WCR populations causing unexpected damage to Bt maize are evaluated in plant and/or diet toxicity assays. Currently, it is not possible to make direct comparisons of data from different Bt proteins due to differing proprietary artificial diets. Our group has developed a new, publicly available diet (WCRMO-1) with improved nutrition for WCR larvae. For the current manuscript, we tested the compatibility of all Bt proteins currently marketed for WCR on the WCRMO-1 diet and specific proprietary diets corresponding to each toxin using a susceptible colony of WCR. We also tested WCR colonies selected for resistance to each protein to assess the ability of the diet toxicity assay to detect Bt resistance. The WCRMO-1 diet is compatible with each of the proteins and can differentiate resistant colonies from susceptible colonies for each protein. Our diet allows researchers to monitor resistance without the confounding nutritional differences present between diets.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new artificial diet for western corn rootworm larvae is compatible with and detects resistance to all current Bt toxins

Ludwick

Meihls

Huynh

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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“…There have been no indications of reduced Cry1Ab susceptibility in the two target pests (ECB and MCB) in the EU. This can largely be attributed to the rather conservative, pro-active and effectively implemented IRM plan for MON 810 [7,8] in combination with additional factors that further reduce the likelihood of resistance development of the target pests (i.e. use of a high-dose product, the mobility of ECB and MCB populations, and the relatively small-scale MON 810 cultivation in the EU, although there are certain areas in the region where the MON 810 adoption rate is high (Table 2)).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…use of a high-dose product and the mobility of ECB and MCB populations). Furthermore, resistance is more likely to develop when there is high adoption of the trait and, even though there are certain areas where the MON 810 adoption rate is high, in general it is cultivated on a relatively small-scale in the EU [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Results from ten years of post-market environmental monitoring of genetically modified MON 810 maize in the European Union

Bertho

Schmidt²,

Schmidtke³

et al. 2020

PLoS ONE

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In European regulations for the deliberate release into the environment of genetically modified organisms (GMO), the objective of General Surveillance in Post-Market Environmental Monitoring is defined as the identification of the occurrence of adverse effects of the GMO or its use which were not anticipated in the environmental risk assessment (ERA). Accompanying the commercial cultivation in the EU of maize event MON 810, General Surveillance was implemented by Monsanto, the authorization holder, on a voluntary basis. We carried out a statistical analysis on the pooled results of ten years of farmer questionnaires, which were a part of this General Surveillance, amounting to 2,627 farmer fields in eight European countries in the period 2006-2015. This analysis did not reveal any unexpected adverse effects associated with the cultivation of MON 810. Results from farmer questionnaires confirmed that the cultivation of MON 810 resulted in a significant reduction in the use of pesticides, efficient protection against the target pests, and healthier, higher yielding crops compared to conventional maize. MON 810 also had reduced susceptibility to disease and pests when compared to conventional maize. Monitoring characteristics related to environment and wildlife revealed no significant differences between MON 810 and conventional maize. Literature searches, that were also conducted as part of General Surveillance, identified a comprehensive set of publications addressing environmental safety as well as food and feed safety aspects of MON 810. None of the publications indicated any adverse effect of MON 810 that was not anticipated in the initial ERA, nor did they lead to a change in the conclusions of the initial risk assessment that demonstrated the safety of MON 810. The development of resistance by the target pests (Ostrinia nubilalis, ECB and Sesamia nonagrioides, MCB) was the only potential adverse effect identified in the ERA of MON 810 cultivation in the EU. The extensive safety data package for MON 810, the robust weight of evidence demonstrating both its safety and benefits, and the history of safe use of MON 810 for 15 years in the EU, indicates that focussing the General Surveillance of MON 810 on literature searches and farmer complaint systems would be appropriately protective. This will

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“…Research has been undertaken to evaluate the claimed benefits in the European context. The efficacy against the ECB and fungal infestation was investigated in field trials (Folcher et al, 2010;Kocourek and Stará, 2012) and commercial fields (Darvas et al, 2011;Selwet, 2011;Thieme et al, 2018). The yield was also evaluated in fields trials (Andersen et al, 2007;Schiefer et al, 2008;Křístková, 2009;Kocourek and Stará, 2012) and under commercial cultivation (Gómez-Barbero, Berbel and Rodríguez-Cerezo, 2008;Schiefer et al, 2008;Křístková, 2009).…”

Section: Cultivation Of Bt Maize In the Eumentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, no field-evolved resistance has been documented for the ECB in Europe or North America (Thieme et al, 2018). However, resistance to MON810 maize was reported for a Lepidopteran pest in South Africa as a result of a low refuge compliance, among other factors (ibid.).…”

Section: "100% Control Of European Corn Borer During the Whole Periodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Czech Farmers' Experience with Bt Maize: Fulfilment, and the Opposite, of Monsanto's Promises

Chvátalová¹

2020

Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun.

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Genetically modified (GM) Bt maize MON810 is promoted as being beneficial for farmers and the environment. The aim of this study was to compare particular claims of the benefits associated with this GM maize with Czech farmers' practice. Ten semi-structured interviews and 27 questionnaires obtained from Czech farmers who had grown Bt maize for at least one year in 2005–2016 were analysed qualitatively. The alleged benefits of MON810 cultivation regarding lower levels of fungal disease infestation, yield increase, reduction of insecticide usage, lowered costs, time saving and simple manipulation were enjoyed by a varying proportion of Czech GM farmers. In contrast, some farmers experienced the opposite of the claimed benefit regarding yield, costs, manipulation and time requirements. The exception was the 100% control of the European Corn Borer (ECB). The current and previous studies suggest that most of the benefits manifest themselves rather on farms under high ECB pressure. Seen from an economic viewpoint, the cultivation of Bt maize could be recommended in areas with persistent high corn borer pressure. However, the benefit to the environment is challenged and it is suggested that farmers should employ a complex of cultural control methods.

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Ten years of MON 810 resistance monitoring of field populations of Ostrinia nubilalis in Europe

Cited by 28 publications

References 39 publications

A new artificial diet for western corn rootworm larvae is compatible with and detects resistance to all current Bt toxins

A new artificial diet for western corn rootworm larvae is compatible with and detects resistance to all current Bt toxins

Results from ten years of post-market environmental monitoring of genetically modified MON 810 maize in the European Union

Czech Farmers' Experience with Bt Maize: Fulfilment, and the Opposite, of Monsanto's Promises

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